ABC ORTHOTICS & PROSTHETICS WRITTEN/CLINICAL
UPDATED REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS -
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY RESOURCE (2026/2027)
1. Which muscle is the primary dorsiflexor of the ankle?
A) Gastrocnemius
B) Tibialis anterior
C) Soleus
D) Peroneus longus
Answer: B) Tibialis anterior
2. What is the normal gait cycle percentage for stance phase?
A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 70%
D) 40%
Answer: B) 60%
3. The subtalar joint primarily allows which motion?
A) Plantarflexion/Dorsiflexion
B) Inversion/Eversion
C) Abduction/Adduction
D) Rotation only
Answer: B) Inversion/Eversion
4. Which nerve innervates the quadriceps muscle group?
A) Sciatic nerve
B) Femoral nerve
, C) Obturator nerve
D) Tibial nerve
Answer: B) Femoral nerve
5. The primary function of the hip abductors during gait is:
A) Propulsion
B) Shock absorption
C) Pelvic stability
D) Knee flexion
Answer: C) Pelvic stability
6. Normal knee flexion range of motion is approximately:
A) 90 degrees
B) 120 degrees
C) 135 degrees
D) 180 degrees
Answer: C) 135 degrees
7. Which bone is NOT part of the hindfoot?
A) Calcaneus
B) Talus
C) Navicular
D) All are hindfoot bones
Answer: C) Navicular
8. The plantar fascia originates from which structure?
A) Navicular
B) Cuboid
C) Calcaneus
D) Talus
Answer: C) Calcaneus
9. What percentage of the gait cycle is double limb support?
A) 10%
, B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%
Answer: B) 20%
10. The acetabulum is formed by the fusion of which bones?
A) Ilium, ischium, femur
B) Ilium, ischium, pubis
C) Ilium, sacrum, pubis
D) Femur, pubis, ischium
Answer: B) Ilium, ischium, pubis
11. Which ligament prevents excessive anterior translation of the tibia?
A) PCL
B) ACL
C) MCL
D) LCL
Answer: B) ACL
12. The normal Q-angle in females is approximately:
A) 10 degrees
B) 15 degrees
C) 18 degrees
D) 25 degrees
Answer: C) 18 degrees
13. Which muscle is the primary invertor of the foot?
A) Tibialis posterior
B) Tibialis anterior
C) Peroneus longus
D) Extensor hallucis longus
Answer: A) Tibialis posterior
14. The sciatic nerve divides into which two nerves?
, A) Femoral and obturator
B) Tibial and common peroneal
C) Sural and saphenous
D) Medial and lateral plantar
Answer: B) Tibial and common peroneal
15. Normal ankle dorsiflexion range of motion is:
A) 10 degrees
B) 20 degrees
C) 30 degrees
D) 40 degrees
Answer: B) 20 degrees
16. The medial longitudinal arch is primarily supported by:
A) Spring ligament
B) Plantar fascia
C) Tibialis posterior
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
17. Which phase of gait occurs immediately after heel strike?
A) Midstance
B) Loading response
C) Terminal stance
D) Pre-swing
Answer: B) Loading response
18. The center of gravity in standing is located approximately at:
A) T12
B) L2-L3
C) S2
D) Hip joint
Answer: C) S2
UPDATED REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS -
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY RESOURCE (2026/2027)
1. Which muscle is the primary dorsiflexor of the ankle?
A) Gastrocnemius
B) Tibialis anterior
C) Soleus
D) Peroneus longus
Answer: B) Tibialis anterior
2. What is the normal gait cycle percentage for stance phase?
A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 70%
D) 40%
Answer: B) 60%
3. The subtalar joint primarily allows which motion?
A) Plantarflexion/Dorsiflexion
B) Inversion/Eversion
C) Abduction/Adduction
D) Rotation only
Answer: B) Inversion/Eversion
4. Which nerve innervates the quadriceps muscle group?
A) Sciatic nerve
B) Femoral nerve
, C) Obturator nerve
D) Tibial nerve
Answer: B) Femoral nerve
5. The primary function of the hip abductors during gait is:
A) Propulsion
B) Shock absorption
C) Pelvic stability
D) Knee flexion
Answer: C) Pelvic stability
6. Normal knee flexion range of motion is approximately:
A) 90 degrees
B) 120 degrees
C) 135 degrees
D) 180 degrees
Answer: C) 135 degrees
7. Which bone is NOT part of the hindfoot?
A) Calcaneus
B) Talus
C) Navicular
D) All are hindfoot bones
Answer: C) Navicular
8. The plantar fascia originates from which structure?
A) Navicular
B) Cuboid
C) Calcaneus
D) Talus
Answer: C) Calcaneus
9. What percentage of the gait cycle is double limb support?
A) 10%
, B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%
Answer: B) 20%
10. The acetabulum is formed by the fusion of which bones?
A) Ilium, ischium, femur
B) Ilium, ischium, pubis
C) Ilium, sacrum, pubis
D) Femur, pubis, ischium
Answer: B) Ilium, ischium, pubis
11. Which ligament prevents excessive anterior translation of the tibia?
A) PCL
B) ACL
C) MCL
D) LCL
Answer: B) ACL
12. The normal Q-angle in females is approximately:
A) 10 degrees
B) 15 degrees
C) 18 degrees
D) 25 degrees
Answer: C) 18 degrees
13. Which muscle is the primary invertor of the foot?
A) Tibialis posterior
B) Tibialis anterior
C) Peroneus longus
D) Extensor hallucis longus
Answer: A) Tibialis posterior
14. The sciatic nerve divides into which two nerves?
, A) Femoral and obturator
B) Tibial and common peroneal
C) Sural and saphenous
D) Medial and lateral plantar
Answer: B) Tibial and common peroneal
15. Normal ankle dorsiflexion range of motion is:
A) 10 degrees
B) 20 degrees
C) 30 degrees
D) 40 degrees
Answer: B) 20 degrees
16. The medial longitudinal arch is primarily supported by:
A) Spring ligament
B) Plantar fascia
C) Tibialis posterior
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
17. Which phase of gait occurs immediately after heel strike?
A) Midstance
B) Loading response
C) Terminal stance
D) Pre-swing
Answer: B) Loading response
18. The center of gravity in standing is located approximately at:
A) T12
B) L2-L3
C) S2
D) Hip joint
Answer: C) S2
