TEST BANK
Theories Of Personality 10th Edition
by Ryckman All 18 Chapters Covered
1
,Table of Contents
PART I: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE DISCIPLINE.
y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7
1. Personality and the Scientific Outlook.
y7 y7 y7 y7
PART II: PSYCHOANALYTIC AND NEOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7 y7 y7
2. Freud's Psychoanalytic Perspectives.
y7 y7
3. Jung's Analytical Psychology.
y7 y7
4. Adler's Individual Psychology.
y7 y7
5. Horney's Social and Cultural Psychoanalysis.
y7 y7 y7 y7
6. Erikson's Psychoanalytic Ego Psychology.
y7 y7 y7
7. Kohut's Self Psychology.
y7 y7
PART III: TRAIT PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7
8. Allport's Trait Theory.
y7 y7
9. Cattell's Structure-Based Systems Theory.
y7 y7 y7
10. Eysenck's Biological Typology.
y7 y7
PART IV: COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7
11. Kelly's Theory of Personal Constructs.
y7 y7 y7 y7
2
,PART V: HUMANISTIC/EXISTENTIAL PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7
12. Maslow's Self-Actualization Position.
y7 y7
13. Roger's Person-Centered Theory.
y7 y7
14. May's Existential-Analytic Position.
y7 y7
y7 PART VI: SOCIAL-BEHAVIORISTIC PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7
15. Skinner's Operant Analysis.
y7 y7
16. Rotter's Expectancy Reinforcement Value Model.
y7 y7 y7 y7
17. Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory.
y7 y7 y7
PART VII: THE ROLE OF THE GRAND THEORIES IN
y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7
y7CONTEMPORARY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY. y7 y7
18. Theory and Research in Contemporary Personality Psychology.
y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7
3
, CHAPTER y7OUTLINE
I. Why y7study y7personality? y 7 The y7study y7of y7human y7personality y7helps y7us y7understand
y7ourselves y7and y 7 other y7people y7better y7and y7gives y7us y7a y7greater y7appreciation y7for y7the
y7complexity y7of y7human y 7 experience.
II. Definition y7of y7Personality: y7Personality y7is y7the y7dynamic y7 and y 7 organized y 7 set y7 of
y7 characteristics y 7 possessed y7by y7an y7individual y7that y7uniquely y7influences y7his y7or y7her
y7cognitions, y7motivations y7and y 7 behaviors y7in y7various y7situations.
III. Personality y7and y7Science: y7Personality y7is y7a y7scientific y7enterprise y7concerned y7with y7the
y7description, y 7 explanation, y7prediction, y7and y7control y7of y7events.
A. Components y7of y7Science: y7Theories y7and y7Research y7Methods
1. What y7are y7theories? y 7 A y7theory y7is y7a y7system y7of y7interrelated y7conceptual
y7 statements y7that y7are y 7 created y7by y7investigators y7to y7account y7for y7a y7phenomenon
y7or y7a y7set y7of y7phenomena.
2. Kinds y7of y7theories
a. inductive-sets y7of y7general y7summary y7statements y7about y7phenomena y7derived y7from
y7facts.
b. deductive-theories y7in y7which y7specific y7hypotheses y7are y7derived y7from y7abstract
y7propositions y 7 and y7then y7tested y 7 by y7the y7collection y7of y7data. y7Deductive y7theories
y7consist y7of y7postulates, y 7 propositions, y7conceptual y7definitions, y7operational
y7definitions, y7hypotheses, y7and y7empirical y 7 observations.
1. postulates-the y7fundamental y7or y7core y7assumptions y7of y7a y7theory. y7They y7are y7taken
y7as y7self- y 7 evidently y7true y7in y7order y7to y7provide y7a y7clear y7and y7focused
y7direction y7for y7theorizing y7and y 7 research.
2. propositions- y7general y7relational y7statements y7that y7may y7be y7true y7or y7false. y7They y7are
y7not y7tested y 7 directly; y7instead, y7hypotheses y7are y7derived y7from y7them.
3. hypotheses-specific y7propositions y7containing y7constructs y7that y7are y7conceptually y7defined
y7and y 7 operationalized y7so y7they y7can y7tested y7and y7confirmed y7or y7disconfirmed
y7through y7empirical y 7 testing. y7Hypotheses y7are y7tentative y7theoretical y7statements
y7about y7how y7events y7are y7related y7to y 7 one y7another, y7often y7stated y7as y7predictions.
a. a y7prior y7predictions-predictions y7made y7before y7the y7collection y7of y7data.
4. conceptual y7definitions- y7concepts y7in y7the y7hypotheses y7are y7defined y7precisely y7so y7that
y7accurate y 7 measures y7of y7the y7concepts y7can y7be y7devised.
5. operational y7definitions- y7procedures y7(or y7operations) y7used y7to y7define y7particular
y7constructs.
6. empirical y7observations-observations y7of y7phenomena y7made y7by y7investigators.
4
Theories Of Personality 10th Edition
by Ryckman All 18 Chapters Covered
1
,Table of Contents
PART I: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE DISCIPLINE.
y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7
1. Personality and the Scientific Outlook.
y7 y7 y7 y7
PART II: PSYCHOANALYTIC AND NEOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7 y7 y7
2. Freud's Psychoanalytic Perspectives.
y7 y7
3. Jung's Analytical Psychology.
y7 y7
4. Adler's Individual Psychology.
y7 y7
5. Horney's Social and Cultural Psychoanalysis.
y7 y7 y7 y7
6. Erikson's Psychoanalytic Ego Psychology.
y7 y7 y7
7. Kohut's Self Psychology.
y7 y7
PART III: TRAIT PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7
8. Allport's Trait Theory.
y7 y7
9. Cattell's Structure-Based Systems Theory.
y7 y7 y7
10. Eysenck's Biological Typology.
y7 y7
PART IV: COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7
11. Kelly's Theory of Personal Constructs.
y7 y7 y7 y7
2
,PART V: HUMANISTIC/EXISTENTIAL PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7
12. Maslow's Self-Actualization Position.
y7 y7
13. Roger's Person-Centered Theory.
y7 y7
14. May's Existential-Analytic Position.
y7 y7
y7 PART VI: SOCIAL-BEHAVIORISTIC PERSPECTIVES.
y7 y7 y7
15. Skinner's Operant Analysis.
y7 y7
16. Rotter's Expectancy Reinforcement Value Model.
y7 y7 y7 y7
17. Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory.
y7 y7 y7
PART VII: THE ROLE OF THE GRAND THEORIES IN
y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7
y7CONTEMPORARY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY. y7 y7
18. Theory and Research in Contemporary Personality Psychology.
y7 y7 y7 y7 y7 y7
3
, CHAPTER y7OUTLINE
I. Why y7study y7personality? y 7 The y7study y7of y7human y7personality y7helps y7us y7understand
y7ourselves y7and y 7 other y7people y7better y7and y7gives y7us y7a y7greater y7appreciation y7for y7the
y7complexity y7of y7human y 7 experience.
II. Definition y7of y7Personality: y7Personality y7is y7the y7dynamic y7 and y 7 organized y 7 set y7 of
y7 characteristics y 7 possessed y7by y7an y7individual y7that y7uniquely y7influences y7his y7or y7her
y7cognitions, y7motivations y7and y 7 behaviors y7in y7various y7situations.
III. Personality y7and y7Science: y7Personality y7is y7a y7scientific y7enterprise y7concerned y7with y7the
y7description, y 7 explanation, y7prediction, y7and y7control y7of y7events.
A. Components y7of y7Science: y7Theories y7and y7Research y7Methods
1. What y7are y7theories? y 7 A y7theory y7is y7a y7system y7of y7interrelated y7conceptual
y7 statements y7that y7are y 7 created y7by y7investigators y7to y7account y7for y7a y7phenomenon
y7or y7a y7set y7of y7phenomena.
2. Kinds y7of y7theories
a. inductive-sets y7of y7general y7summary y7statements y7about y7phenomena y7derived y7from
y7facts.
b. deductive-theories y7in y7which y7specific y7hypotheses y7are y7derived y7from y7abstract
y7propositions y 7 and y7then y7tested y 7 by y7the y7collection y7of y7data. y7Deductive y7theories
y7consist y7of y7postulates, y 7 propositions, y7conceptual y7definitions, y7operational
y7definitions, y7hypotheses, y7and y7empirical y 7 observations.
1. postulates-the y7fundamental y7or y7core y7assumptions y7of y7a y7theory. y7They y7are y7taken
y7as y7self- y 7 evidently y7true y7in y7order y7to y7provide y7a y7clear y7and y7focused
y7direction y7for y7theorizing y7and y 7 research.
2. propositions- y7general y7relational y7statements y7that y7may y7be y7true y7or y7false. y7They y7are
y7not y7tested y 7 directly; y7instead, y7hypotheses y7are y7derived y7from y7them.
3. hypotheses-specific y7propositions y7containing y7constructs y7that y7are y7conceptually y7defined
y7and y 7 operationalized y7so y7they y7can y7tested y7and y7confirmed y7or y7disconfirmed
y7through y7empirical y 7 testing. y7Hypotheses y7are y7tentative y7theoretical y7statements
y7about y7how y7events y7are y7related y7to y 7 one y7another, y7often y7stated y7as y7predictions.
a. a y7prior y7predictions-predictions y7made y7before y7the y7collection y7of y7data.
4. conceptual y7definitions- y7concepts y7in y7the y7hypotheses y7are y7defined y7precisely y7so y7that
y7accurate y 7 measures y7of y7the y7concepts y7can y7be y7devised.
5. operational y7definitions- y7procedures y7(or y7operations) y7used y7to y7define y7particular
y7constructs.
6. empirical y7observations-observations y7of y7phenomena y7made y7by y7investigators.
4
