CHEM 1030 Final Exam Questions And
100% Correct Answers 2026 Version.
Filtration - Answer Separates solid substances from liquids and solutions; based on a
difference in size.
Distillation - Answer Separates a homogeneous mixture based on differences in boiling
points.
Chromatography (paper) - Answer Separates substances on the basis of differences in
solubility in a solvent.
Intensive Properties - Answer Independent of the amount of substance present.
-Density, boiling point
Extensive Properties - Answer Dependent on the amount of substance present.
-Mass, volume.
Atomic Number and Mass Number - Answer
Isotopes - Answer Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers
Mole - Answer : the amount of a substance that contains as many elementary entities as
there are atoms in exactly 12 g C-12
Avogadro's Number (NA) - Answer 6.0221418 x10^23
Electrostatic energy - Answer potential energy that results from the interaction of charged
particle
Quantized energy (Max Planck) - Answer Energy can be absorbed or released from atoms
only in certain amounts (quanta).
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle - Answer the more precisely the momentum (mu) of a
particle is known, the less precisely its position (x) is known
Principal Quantum Number (n) - Answer designates size of the orbital (shell)
, -n values are integers >0
Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l) - Answer describes the shape of the orbital
(subshells)
-l values are integers ranging from 0 to n − 1 for each value of n
Magnetic Quantum Number (ml) - Answer specifies the three-dimensional orientation of the
orbital
-Values are integers ranging from -l ...0 .... l
Electron Spin Quantum Number (ms) - Answer The "spin" of an electron describes its
magnetic field, which affects its energy.
-Allowed values: +1/2 and −1/2.
Degenerate orbitals - Answer orbitals on the same energy level have the same energy
Aufbau principle - Answer electrons fill orbitals starting with the lowest n before moving to
higher energy obritals
Pauli Exclusion Principle - Answer No two electrons in the same atom can have the same set
of four quantum numbers, n, l, ml, ms
Hund's Rule - Answer For degenerate orbitals: electrons fill each orbital singly before any
orbital get a second electron
Effective Nuclear Charge (Zeff) - Answer is the actual magnitude of positive charge that is
"experienced" by an electron in the atom
Effective Nuclear Charge Trends - Answer Row (left to right across a period), Zeff increases
-Z increases, but the # of core electrons does not change
Column (going down a group), Zeff increases slightly
-larger Z has a larger electron core which is not capable to shield the outer electrons effectively
Metallic radius - Answer half the distance between the nuclei of two adjacent, identical
metal atoms
100% Correct Answers 2026 Version.
Filtration - Answer Separates solid substances from liquids and solutions; based on a
difference in size.
Distillation - Answer Separates a homogeneous mixture based on differences in boiling
points.
Chromatography (paper) - Answer Separates substances on the basis of differences in
solubility in a solvent.
Intensive Properties - Answer Independent of the amount of substance present.
-Density, boiling point
Extensive Properties - Answer Dependent on the amount of substance present.
-Mass, volume.
Atomic Number and Mass Number - Answer
Isotopes - Answer Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers
Mole - Answer : the amount of a substance that contains as many elementary entities as
there are atoms in exactly 12 g C-12
Avogadro's Number (NA) - Answer 6.0221418 x10^23
Electrostatic energy - Answer potential energy that results from the interaction of charged
particle
Quantized energy (Max Planck) - Answer Energy can be absorbed or released from atoms
only in certain amounts (quanta).
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle - Answer the more precisely the momentum (mu) of a
particle is known, the less precisely its position (x) is known
Principal Quantum Number (n) - Answer designates size of the orbital (shell)
, -n values are integers >0
Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l) - Answer describes the shape of the orbital
(subshells)
-l values are integers ranging from 0 to n − 1 for each value of n
Magnetic Quantum Number (ml) - Answer specifies the three-dimensional orientation of the
orbital
-Values are integers ranging from -l ...0 .... l
Electron Spin Quantum Number (ms) - Answer The "spin" of an electron describes its
magnetic field, which affects its energy.
-Allowed values: +1/2 and −1/2.
Degenerate orbitals - Answer orbitals on the same energy level have the same energy
Aufbau principle - Answer electrons fill orbitals starting with the lowest n before moving to
higher energy obritals
Pauli Exclusion Principle - Answer No two electrons in the same atom can have the same set
of four quantum numbers, n, l, ml, ms
Hund's Rule - Answer For degenerate orbitals: electrons fill each orbital singly before any
orbital get a second electron
Effective Nuclear Charge (Zeff) - Answer is the actual magnitude of positive charge that is
"experienced" by an electron in the atom
Effective Nuclear Charge Trends - Answer Row (left to right across a period), Zeff increases
-Z increases, but the # of core electrons does not change
Column (going down a group), Zeff increases slightly
-larger Z has a larger electron core which is not capable to shield the outer electrons effectively
Metallic radius - Answer half the distance between the nuclei of two adjacent, identical
metal atoms
