NUR 220: FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 2025-2026 EXAM
WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
What are the most important roles of the nurse (5)
Caregiver
Advocate
Educator
Researcher
Leader
What are the 5 steps in the nursing process?
(1) Assessment
(2) Nursing Diagnosis
(3) Planning
(4) Implementation
(5) Evaluation
*** All of the above require critical thinking!
,Define Assessment
Collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health and/or situation.
- info medical personnel can look at
- begins the moment you walk through the door
Can the RN provide subjective information about patient?
NO! Only the patient can give subjective info.
OBJECTIVE info is what the RN sees, hears, or smells
What is the diagnosis phase?
Analyse the assessment and make a clinical judgement related to an ACTUAL or
POTENTIAL health problem.
** Nurses have to be aware of potential risks based on health problems.
** Also collaborate with other specialists to manage the problem(s)
What are the three phases of a Nursing Diagnosis?
First info → Related to → as evidence by
WHAT is the problem?
WHY is it a problem?
WHAT is the evidence of that problem?
Ex:
,"Acute pain → related to surgical incision → as evidence by patient report (or as evidence by
crying)"
What is the OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION?
This is the statement of how a patient's status will change once interventions have been
successfully instituted
Identify the expected outcomes when planning for the patient's individual situation.
Interventions must be measurable criterion indicating that objectives have been met.
Define the PLANNING stage of the nursing process
Develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes.
- Prioritize strategies
- Goals (statement that describes the aim if the nursing care) should be short term and long
term
Describe IMPLEMENTATION of the nursing process
The actions to facilitate positive patient outcomes
What three skills are needed in order to implement goals?
Cognitive
Personal
, Psychomotor
Describe the EVALUATION phase of the nursing process
This describes how well the patients needs were met (or not met).
Done through reassessment
What percentage of all communication is nonverbal?
90%
What two characteristics should nurses always exude?
CARING
COMPETENCE
How is communication used in the Assessment phase of the nursing process?
Verbal interviewing and history taking
Visual and intuitive observation of nonverbal behaviour
Visual, tactile, and auditory data gathering during physical examination.
Written medical records, diagnostic tests, and literature review.
Define REFERENT
WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
What are the most important roles of the nurse (5)
Caregiver
Advocate
Educator
Researcher
Leader
What are the 5 steps in the nursing process?
(1) Assessment
(2) Nursing Diagnosis
(3) Planning
(4) Implementation
(5) Evaluation
*** All of the above require critical thinking!
,Define Assessment
Collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health and/or situation.
- info medical personnel can look at
- begins the moment you walk through the door
Can the RN provide subjective information about patient?
NO! Only the patient can give subjective info.
OBJECTIVE info is what the RN sees, hears, or smells
What is the diagnosis phase?
Analyse the assessment and make a clinical judgement related to an ACTUAL or
POTENTIAL health problem.
** Nurses have to be aware of potential risks based on health problems.
** Also collaborate with other specialists to manage the problem(s)
What are the three phases of a Nursing Diagnosis?
First info → Related to → as evidence by
WHAT is the problem?
WHY is it a problem?
WHAT is the evidence of that problem?
Ex:
,"Acute pain → related to surgical incision → as evidence by patient report (or as evidence by
crying)"
What is the OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION?
This is the statement of how a patient's status will change once interventions have been
successfully instituted
Identify the expected outcomes when planning for the patient's individual situation.
Interventions must be measurable criterion indicating that objectives have been met.
Define the PLANNING stage of the nursing process
Develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes.
- Prioritize strategies
- Goals (statement that describes the aim if the nursing care) should be short term and long
term
Describe IMPLEMENTATION of the nursing process
The actions to facilitate positive patient outcomes
What three skills are needed in order to implement goals?
Cognitive
Personal
, Psychomotor
Describe the EVALUATION phase of the nursing process
This describes how well the patients needs were met (or not met).
Done through reassessment
What percentage of all communication is nonverbal?
90%
What two characteristics should nurses always exude?
CARING
COMPETENCE
How is communication used in the Assessment phase of the nursing process?
Verbal interviewing and history taking
Visual and intuitive observation of nonverbal behaviour
Visual, tactile, and auditory data gathering during physical examination.
Written medical records, diagnostic tests, and literature review.
Define REFERENT
