PUBH 302 EXAM 2 ACTUAL PREP BANK
2026 EXPERT SOLUTIONS CONFIRMED
⫸ How do social determinants impact health outcomes?. Answer:
Social determinants, like poverty, lack of education, and unequal
access to healthcare can contribute to health inequities
⫸ Describe the Tuskegee Study. Answer: - Study conducted by US
public health services, working with the Tuskegee Institute
- Involved 600 black men (some with syphilis, some without)
- Researchers told the men they were being treated for bad blood, but
the men did not receive proper treatment to cure their illness
- This study continued for 40 years (1932-1972)
⫸ How did the Tuskegee impact research and practice?. Answer: -
Made people more aware of the ethics in the study
- Created many of the current policies to study, like informed consent
- 1974 National Research Act - requires researchers to get voluntary
informed consent from all persons taking part in studies
⫸ What are ACEs?. Answer: Experiences that children (0-17yrs)
have that fall into the following categories
- Abuse
- Neglect
- Household dysfunction
,⫸ How can ACEs impact health outcomes?. Answer: - early adversity
has lasting impacts
- toxic stress from ACEs has direct effect on brain development
- Higher ACEs correlate to higher risks of injury, poor mental health,
poor maternal health, infectious disease, chronic disease, risky
behavior, and lower opportunities
⫸ What are the prevention strategies for addressing ACEs?. Answer:
- strengthen economic support to families
- promote social norms that protect against violence and adversity
- ensure strong start for children
- teach skills
- connect youth to caring adults and activities
- intervene to lessen immediate and long term harms
⫸ Describe major issues that make the health system a PH concern.
Answer: - overmedication
- over treatment
- entrenched system
- reimbursement
⫸ Why does the US health care system cost so much compared to the
rest of the world?. Answer: - misuse of ER
- reward doing more, rather than efficiency
, - inappropriate care/tests
- defensive medicine
- malpractice costs
- greater use of high costs technology and procedures
- brand name drugs
- high costs of R&D
- price variations/lack of transparency
- high admin costs
- higher wages for providers
- limited competition
- middlemen
- profit
⫸ Describe characteristics of the non-elderly uninsured population.
Answer: - uninsured rates among the non-elderly are higher in the
south
- main reason for being uninsured is high costs
- barriers to healthcare among the non-elderly, such as no usual source
of care, postponed seeing care due to costs, went without needed care
due to costs, postponed getting needed prescription drug due to cost
⫸ Describe the approximate level and components of national
expenditures for all health activities. Answer: ??
- health insurance (75%)
- out of pocket (10%)
2026 EXPERT SOLUTIONS CONFIRMED
⫸ How do social determinants impact health outcomes?. Answer:
Social determinants, like poverty, lack of education, and unequal
access to healthcare can contribute to health inequities
⫸ Describe the Tuskegee Study. Answer: - Study conducted by US
public health services, working with the Tuskegee Institute
- Involved 600 black men (some with syphilis, some without)
- Researchers told the men they were being treated for bad blood, but
the men did not receive proper treatment to cure their illness
- This study continued for 40 years (1932-1972)
⫸ How did the Tuskegee impact research and practice?. Answer: -
Made people more aware of the ethics in the study
- Created many of the current policies to study, like informed consent
- 1974 National Research Act - requires researchers to get voluntary
informed consent from all persons taking part in studies
⫸ What are ACEs?. Answer: Experiences that children (0-17yrs)
have that fall into the following categories
- Abuse
- Neglect
- Household dysfunction
,⫸ How can ACEs impact health outcomes?. Answer: - early adversity
has lasting impacts
- toxic stress from ACEs has direct effect on brain development
- Higher ACEs correlate to higher risks of injury, poor mental health,
poor maternal health, infectious disease, chronic disease, risky
behavior, and lower opportunities
⫸ What are the prevention strategies for addressing ACEs?. Answer:
- strengthen economic support to families
- promote social norms that protect against violence and adversity
- ensure strong start for children
- teach skills
- connect youth to caring adults and activities
- intervene to lessen immediate and long term harms
⫸ Describe major issues that make the health system a PH concern.
Answer: - overmedication
- over treatment
- entrenched system
- reimbursement
⫸ Why does the US health care system cost so much compared to the
rest of the world?. Answer: - misuse of ER
- reward doing more, rather than efficiency
, - inappropriate care/tests
- defensive medicine
- malpractice costs
- greater use of high costs technology and procedures
- brand name drugs
- high costs of R&D
- price variations/lack of transparency
- high admin costs
- higher wages for providers
- limited competition
- middlemen
- profit
⫸ Describe characteristics of the non-elderly uninsured population.
Answer: - uninsured rates among the non-elderly are higher in the
south
- main reason for being uninsured is high costs
- barriers to healthcare among the non-elderly, such as no usual source
of care, postponed seeing care due to costs, went without needed care
due to costs, postponed getting needed prescription drug due to cost
⫸ Describe the approximate level and components of national
expenditures for all health activities. Answer: ??
- health insurance (75%)
- out of pocket (10%)
