Nurs 323 Midterm Exam (Latest 2026-
2027 Update) 100% Verified Questions &
Answers
Which |oral |diabetes |drugs |directly |stimulate |insulin |secretion? |How |does |this |differentiate |them
|from |other |oral |antidiabetic |drugs?
Sulfonylureas |(-ide)
- Glipizide |(Glucotrol)
- Glyburide |(DiaBeta, |Micronase)
- Glimepiride |(Amaryl)
Meglitinides |(glinides)
- Repaglinide |(Prandin)
- Nateglinide |(Starlix)
They |have |a |greater |risk |of |hypoglycemia |than |other |oral |diabetic |agents, |since |the |others |only
|increase |glucose |uptake |or |increase |insulin |sensitivity |(not |the |amount |of |insulin |produced)
What |medications |are |Biguanides?
- Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |mechanism |of |action
- Decreases |glucose |production |by |the |liver
- Sensitizes |insulin |receptors |in |tissues
- Reduces |absorption |of |glucose |in |GI |tract
,- DOES |NOT |stimulate |release |of |insulin |- |helps |EXISTING |insulin |ALREADY |present |be |more
|effective
- Can |be |used |off |label |for |weight |loss
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |indications |for |use
Type |2 |diabetes |- |drug |of |choice |for |initial |T2 |therapy
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |contraindications
- Severe |infection
- Kidney |impairment
- Alcohol |use |disorder
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |adverse |effects
- GI |upset |(common); |usually |subside |with |use
,- B12, |folic |acid |deficiency |due |to |altered |absorption; |provide |supplements |if |needed
- Lactic |acidosis; |rare, |severe |reaction |to |toxicity
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |interactions
- Alcohol |- |increased |risk |of |lactic |acidosis
- Iodinated |radiocontrast |media |- |risk |of |acute |kidney |failure
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
What |medications |are |Sulfonylureas?
Tolbuatmide |(Orinase)
|
Glyburide |(DiaBeta, |Micronase)
Glimepiride |(Amaryl)
|
Sulfonylureas |mechanism |of |action
- Promotes |insulin |secretion |from |pancreatic |islets
- Increase |tissue |sensitivity |to |insulin |over |time
Sulfonylureas |= |Glipizide, |Glyburide, |Glimepiride
, Sulfonylureas |indications |for |use
- Type |2 |diabetes |treatment
Sulfonylureas |= |Glipizide, |Glyburide, |Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas |contraindications
Pregnancy |- |teratogenic |in |animal |studies
|
Causes |sustained |hypoglycemia |in |neonate |if |taken |close |to |birth
Sulfonylureas |= |Glipizide, |Glyburide, |Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas |adverse |effects
- Cardiovascular |toxicity
- Weight |gain
Sulfonylureas |= |Glipizide, |Glyburide, |Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas |interactions
- Alcohol |- |nausea, |vomiting, |palpitations
2027 Update) 100% Verified Questions &
Answers
Which |oral |diabetes |drugs |directly |stimulate |insulin |secretion? |How |does |this |differentiate |them
|from |other |oral |antidiabetic |drugs?
Sulfonylureas |(-ide)
- Glipizide |(Glucotrol)
- Glyburide |(DiaBeta, |Micronase)
- Glimepiride |(Amaryl)
Meglitinides |(glinides)
- Repaglinide |(Prandin)
- Nateglinide |(Starlix)
They |have |a |greater |risk |of |hypoglycemia |than |other |oral |diabetic |agents, |since |the |others |only
|increase |glucose |uptake |or |increase |insulin |sensitivity |(not |the |amount |of |insulin |produced)
What |medications |are |Biguanides?
- Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |mechanism |of |action
- Decreases |glucose |production |by |the |liver
- Sensitizes |insulin |receptors |in |tissues
- Reduces |absorption |of |glucose |in |GI |tract
,- DOES |NOT |stimulate |release |of |insulin |- |helps |EXISTING |insulin |ALREADY |present |be |more
|effective
- Can |be |used |off |label |for |weight |loss
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |indications |for |use
Type |2 |diabetes |- |drug |of |choice |for |initial |T2 |therapy
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |contraindications
- Severe |infection
- Kidney |impairment
- Alcohol |use |disorder
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |adverse |effects
- GI |upset |(common); |usually |subside |with |use
,- B12, |folic |acid |deficiency |due |to |altered |absorption; |provide |supplements |if |needed
- Lactic |acidosis; |rare, |severe |reaction |to |toxicity
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
Biguanides |interactions
- Alcohol |- |increased |risk |of |lactic |acidosis
- Iodinated |radiocontrast |media |- |risk |of |acute |kidney |failure
Biguanides |= |Metformin |(Glucophage)
What |medications |are |Sulfonylureas?
Tolbuatmide |(Orinase)
|
Glyburide |(DiaBeta, |Micronase)
Glimepiride |(Amaryl)
|
Sulfonylureas |mechanism |of |action
- Promotes |insulin |secretion |from |pancreatic |islets
- Increase |tissue |sensitivity |to |insulin |over |time
Sulfonylureas |= |Glipizide, |Glyburide, |Glimepiride
, Sulfonylureas |indications |for |use
- Type |2 |diabetes |treatment
Sulfonylureas |= |Glipizide, |Glyburide, |Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas |contraindications
Pregnancy |- |teratogenic |in |animal |studies
|
Causes |sustained |hypoglycemia |in |neonate |if |taken |close |to |birth
Sulfonylureas |= |Glipizide, |Glyburide, |Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas |adverse |effects
- Cardiovascular |toxicity
- Weight |gain
Sulfonylureas |= |Glipizide, |Glyburide, |Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas |interactions
- Alcohol |- |nausea, |vomiting, |palpitations
