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Exam 4 Nurs 640 old material Latest Update ) Exam | Questions
and Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A +
Sp02 95-100% - ANSWER Normal
Sp02 91-94% - ANSWER Mild hypoxia
Sp02 86-90% - ANSWER Moderate hypoxia
SpO2 <40% - ANSWER Severe hypoxia
ABG normals - ANSWER Ph 7.35-7.45
Co2 35-45
PaO2 80-100
HCO3 22-26
PaO2 80-100 - ANSWER Normal
PaO2 60-79 - ANSWER mild hypoxemia
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PaO2 40-59 - ANSWER moderate hypoxemia
PaO2 <40 - ANSWER severe hypoxemia
Contraindications to ABGs - ANSWER Infection at the puncture
site, thrombus at the puncture site, burns at the puncture site,
abnormal modified Allen's test, active Raynaud's Syndrome,
Severe PVD in the artery of the puncture site, or
supratherapeutic coagulopathy.
Negative modified Allen test - ANSWER If the hand does not
flush within 5-15 seconds, it indicates that ulnar circulation is
inadequate or nonexistent; in this situation, the radial artery
supplying arterial blood to that hand should not be punctured.
Causes of respiratory acidosis - ANSWER hypoventilation: CNS
depression, Sedation, Chest wall injury, Respiratory obstruction
Causes of respiratory alkalosis - ANSWER hyperventilation:
Anxiety, Pain, Fever, Sepsis, Pregnancy, Severe anemia
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Causes of metabolic acidosis - ANSWER lactic acidosis, DKA,
Renal failure, Base deficit, Severe diarrhea
Causes of metabolic alkalosis - ANSWER • Acid deficit: NG
suction, Prolonged vomiting, Diuretics
• Base excess: Massive transfusion, Excess diuretics, Excess
antacids
Pulse ox limitations - ANSWER SpO2 < 80%
Movement
Bright light interference
Intravascular interference (ex: dye)
Extravascular interference (ex: polish)
Non-functional hemoglobin
Reduced blood flow
PaO2/FiO2 - ANSWER PaO2/FIO2, norm 350-450mmHg, <300
indicates acute lung injury, <200 indicates ARDS, >200
Exam 4 Nurs 640 old material Latest Update ) Exam | Questions
and Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A +
Sp02 95-100% - ANSWER Normal
Sp02 91-94% - ANSWER Mild hypoxia
Sp02 86-90% - ANSWER Moderate hypoxia
SpO2 <40% - ANSWER Severe hypoxia
ABG normals - ANSWER Ph 7.35-7.45
Co2 35-45
PaO2 80-100
HCO3 22-26
PaO2 80-100 - ANSWER Normal
PaO2 60-79 - ANSWER mild hypoxemia
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PaO2 40-59 - ANSWER moderate hypoxemia
PaO2 <40 - ANSWER severe hypoxemia
Contraindications to ABGs - ANSWER Infection at the puncture
site, thrombus at the puncture site, burns at the puncture site,
abnormal modified Allen's test, active Raynaud's Syndrome,
Severe PVD in the artery of the puncture site, or
supratherapeutic coagulopathy.
Negative modified Allen test - ANSWER If the hand does not
flush within 5-15 seconds, it indicates that ulnar circulation is
inadequate or nonexistent; in this situation, the radial artery
supplying arterial blood to that hand should not be punctured.
Causes of respiratory acidosis - ANSWER hypoventilation: CNS
depression, Sedation, Chest wall injury, Respiratory obstruction
Causes of respiratory alkalosis - ANSWER hyperventilation:
Anxiety, Pain, Fever, Sepsis, Pregnancy, Severe anemia
, 3|Page
Causes of metabolic acidosis - ANSWER lactic acidosis, DKA,
Renal failure, Base deficit, Severe diarrhea
Causes of metabolic alkalosis - ANSWER • Acid deficit: NG
suction, Prolonged vomiting, Diuretics
• Base excess: Massive transfusion, Excess diuretics, Excess
antacids
Pulse ox limitations - ANSWER SpO2 < 80%
Movement
Bright light interference
Intravascular interference (ex: dye)
Extravascular interference (ex: polish)
Non-functional hemoglobin
Reduced blood flow
PaO2/FiO2 - ANSWER PaO2/FIO2, norm 350-450mmHg, <300
indicates acute lung injury, <200 indicates ARDS, >200
