RED CROSS UPDATED EXAM TEST PAPER QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔When providing transcutaneous pacing, the appearance of wide QRS complexes
and tall, broad T waves after each pacing spike confirms that mechanical capture has
been achieved. - ✔✔False
✔✔Sinus bradycardia is identical to normal sinus rhythm, except the rate is less than
_____ bpm. - ✔✔60
✔✔Which shows third-degree AV block? - ✔✔
✔✔What part of the heart's electrical conduction system helps to protect the ventricles
from atrial tachyarrhythmias? - ✔✔Atrioventricular (AV) node
✔✔To estimate the atrial rate, count the number of P waves over a 6-second period and
multiply by ________. - ✔✔10
✔✔A 12-lead ECG shows wide-complex ventricular tachycardia. The patient has a
pulse and is not showing signs of hemodynamic compromise. Which of the following
may be indicated in the management of this patient? - ✔✔Expert consultation and/or an
antiarrhythmic medication
✔✔Which shows sinus bradycardia? - ✔✔
✔✔Looking at the image of the heart's conduction system, where is the AV node? - ✔✔
✔✔What is the first-line therapy for a patient with bradyarrhythmia and signs of
hemodynamic compromise? - ✔✔Atropine
✔✔Which findings may suggest that a patient is experiencing hemodynamic
compromise as a result of a bradyarrhythmia? - ✔✔Hypotension
Ischemic chest discomfort
Changes in mental status
Signs of shock
Acute heart failure
✔✔What part of the ECG rhythm strip represents repolarization of the ventricular
myocardial cells? - ✔✔T wave
,✔✔In ventricular tachycardia, the QRS complexes are wide, lasting longer than: -
✔✔120 milliseconds
✔✔Which shows atrial flutter? - ✔✔
✔✔In the event of primary pacemaker dysfunction or failure, what part of the heart's
conduction system can function as the first backup pacemaker site? -
✔✔Atrioventricular (AV) node
✔✔What parts of the heart's electrical conduction system play a role in ventricular
contraction? - ✔✔Purkinje fibers
Bundle of His
Bundle branches
✔✔Which types of arrhythmias are narrow-complex tachyarrhythmias? - ✔✔Atrial
fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Sinus tachycardia
✔✔What part of the heart's electrical conduction system generates the electrical
impulses that initiate the rhythm and rate of the heart beat? - ✔✔Sinoatrial (SA) node
✔✔On rapid assessment, Mr. van Essen is responsive and his airway is patent. He
appears pale and distressed. He is diaphoretic. Select the tools to use during the
primary assessment to gather more information about Mr. van Essen's clinical condition.
- ✔✔Cardiac monitoring
Blood pressure monitoring
Pulse oximetry.
Stethoscope
✔✔What is your interpretation of the rhythm on the cardiac monitor? First, identify the
rhythm. (Mr. Van Essen) - ✔✔Supraventricular Tachycardia
✔✔Is it narrow or wide? - ✔✔Narrow
✔✔Mr. van Essen's primary assessment findings are as follows:
, Blood pressure: 105/70 mmHg
Pulse: 182 bpm
Respirations: 24 breaths/min
Temperature: 98.6°F
Pulse oximetry: 96%Lung sounds: clear
Based on Mr. van Essen's clinical presentation and these assessment findings, does
Mr. van Essen have signs of hemodynamic compromise? - ✔✔No
✔✔Which intervention would be an appropriate next step in caring for Mr. van Essen? -
✔✔12-Lead ECG
✔✔The 12-lead ECG confirms a narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardia with a
regular rhythm. Based on Mr. van Essen's current condition, what is the appropriate
next action? - ✔✔Attempt vagal maneuvers.
✔✔Following the vagal maneuver, the team reassesses Mr. van Essen and notes the
following:
Blood pressure: 105/70 mmHg
Pulse: 182 bpm
Respirations: 24 breaths/min
Temperature: 98.6°F
Pulse oximetry: 96%
Lung sounds: clear
Rhythm: unchanged
What should the team do next? - ✔✔Initiate pharmacologic therapy.
✔✔What is the correct medication to prepare? - ✔✔Adenosine
✔✔What is the initial dose of adenosine? - ✔✔6 mg via rapid IV push, followed by 10-
to 20-mL normal saline flush
✔✔After administering the initial dose of adenosine, the team reassesses Mr. van
Essen and notes the following:
Blood pressure: 105/70 mmHg
Pulse: 182 bpm
Respirations: 24 breaths/min
Temperature: 98.6°F
Pulse oximetry: 96%
Lung sounds: clear
Rhythm: unchanged
Given these assessment findings, what is the appropriate next intervention? -
✔✔Administer a second dose of adenosine (12 mg via rapid IV push, followed by a 10-
to 20-mL normal saline flush).
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔When providing transcutaneous pacing, the appearance of wide QRS complexes
and tall, broad T waves after each pacing spike confirms that mechanical capture has
been achieved. - ✔✔False
✔✔Sinus bradycardia is identical to normal sinus rhythm, except the rate is less than
_____ bpm. - ✔✔60
✔✔Which shows third-degree AV block? - ✔✔
✔✔What part of the heart's electrical conduction system helps to protect the ventricles
from atrial tachyarrhythmias? - ✔✔Atrioventricular (AV) node
✔✔To estimate the atrial rate, count the number of P waves over a 6-second period and
multiply by ________. - ✔✔10
✔✔A 12-lead ECG shows wide-complex ventricular tachycardia. The patient has a
pulse and is not showing signs of hemodynamic compromise. Which of the following
may be indicated in the management of this patient? - ✔✔Expert consultation and/or an
antiarrhythmic medication
✔✔Which shows sinus bradycardia? - ✔✔
✔✔Looking at the image of the heart's conduction system, where is the AV node? - ✔✔
✔✔What is the first-line therapy for a patient with bradyarrhythmia and signs of
hemodynamic compromise? - ✔✔Atropine
✔✔Which findings may suggest that a patient is experiencing hemodynamic
compromise as a result of a bradyarrhythmia? - ✔✔Hypotension
Ischemic chest discomfort
Changes in mental status
Signs of shock
Acute heart failure
✔✔What part of the ECG rhythm strip represents repolarization of the ventricular
myocardial cells? - ✔✔T wave
,✔✔In ventricular tachycardia, the QRS complexes are wide, lasting longer than: -
✔✔120 milliseconds
✔✔Which shows atrial flutter? - ✔✔
✔✔In the event of primary pacemaker dysfunction or failure, what part of the heart's
conduction system can function as the first backup pacemaker site? -
✔✔Atrioventricular (AV) node
✔✔What parts of the heart's electrical conduction system play a role in ventricular
contraction? - ✔✔Purkinje fibers
Bundle of His
Bundle branches
✔✔Which types of arrhythmias are narrow-complex tachyarrhythmias? - ✔✔Atrial
fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Sinus tachycardia
✔✔What part of the heart's electrical conduction system generates the electrical
impulses that initiate the rhythm and rate of the heart beat? - ✔✔Sinoatrial (SA) node
✔✔On rapid assessment, Mr. van Essen is responsive and his airway is patent. He
appears pale and distressed. He is diaphoretic. Select the tools to use during the
primary assessment to gather more information about Mr. van Essen's clinical condition.
- ✔✔Cardiac monitoring
Blood pressure monitoring
Pulse oximetry.
Stethoscope
✔✔What is your interpretation of the rhythm on the cardiac monitor? First, identify the
rhythm. (Mr. Van Essen) - ✔✔Supraventricular Tachycardia
✔✔Is it narrow or wide? - ✔✔Narrow
✔✔Mr. van Essen's primary assessment findings are as follows:
, Blood pressure: 105/70 mmHg
Pulse: 182 bpm
Respirations: 24 breaths/min
Temperature: 98.6°F
Pulse oximetry: 96%Lung sounds: clear
Based on Mr. van Essen's clinical presentation and these assessment findings, does
Mr. van Essen have signs of hemodynamic compromise? - ✔✔No
✔✔Which intervention would be an appropriate next step in caring for Mr. van Essen? -
✔✔12-Lead ECG
✔✔The 12-lead ECG confirms a narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardia with a
regular rhythm. Based on Mr. van Essen's current condition, what is the appropriate
next action? - ✔✔Attempt vagal maneuvers.
✔✔Following the vagal maneuver, the team reassesses Mr. van Essen and notes the
following:
Blood pressure: 105/70 mmHg
Pulse: 182 bpm
Respirations: 24 breaths/min
Temperature: 98.6°F
Pulse oximetry: 96%
Lung sounds: clear
Rhythm: unchanged
What should the team do next? - ✔✔Initiate pharmacologic therapy.
✔✔What is the correct medication to prepare? - ✔✔Adenosine
✔✔What is the initial dose of adenosine? - ✔✔6 mg via rapid IV push, followed by 10-
to 20-mL normal saline flush
✔✔After administering the initial dose of adenosine, the team reassesses Mr. van
Essen and notes the following:
Blood pressure: 105/70 mmHg
Pulse: 182 bpm
Respirations: 24 breaths/min
Temperature: 98.6°F
Pulse oximetry: 96%
Lung sounds: clear
Rhythm: unchanged
Given these assessment findings, what is the appropriate next intervention? -
✔✔Administer a second dose of adenosine (12 mg via rapid IV push, followed by a 10-
to 20-mL normal saline flush).
