PATHOPHYSIOLOGY A
PRACTICAL APPROACH
EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
[Document subtitle]
[DATE]
[COMPANY NAME]
[Company address]
,Certainly! Here's the numbered list of all the questions and answers you provided:
1. **Hypersensitivity**
- Inflamed immune response to a foreign substance
2. **Type I Hypersensitivity**
- Immediate response
- Local or systemic
- Allergen activates IgE which binds to mast cells
- Second exposure causes antigen to bind to surface IgE, releasing mediators and triggering
the complement system
- Examples: Hay fever, food allergies, anaphylaxis
3. **Type II Hypersensitivity**
- Cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction
- IgG or IgM antibodies
- Complement system destroys blood cells
- Usually an immediate response
- Examples: Blood transfusion reaction, erythroblastosis fetalis
4. **Type III Hypersensitivity**
- Immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity
- Circulating antigen-antibody complexes accumulate and are deposited in tissue
- Triggers the complement system and inflammation
- Examples: Autoimmune conditions such as lupus
- Treatment is disease-specific
5. **Type IV Hypersensitivity**
, - Delayed hypersensitivity reaction
- T-cell mediated
- Examples: Tuberculin skin testing, transplant reactions, contact dermatitis
- Treatment is disease-specific
6. **Allogenic Transplant**
- Donor and recipient share similar tissue types
- Can be unrelated or related
7. **Syngenic Transplant**
- Donor and recipient are identical twins
8. **Autologous Transplant**
- Donor and recipient are the same person
9. **Hyperacute Tissue Rejections**
- Occur immediately or up to 3 days after transplant
- Triggered by the complement system
- Tissue becomes permanently necrotic
10. **Acute Tissue Rejection**
- Most common tissue rejection
- Treatable
- Occurs between 3 days and 4 months after transplant
- Symptoms: fever, erythema, edema, site tenderness, impaired function of the transplant
organ
11. **Chronic Tissue Rejection**
PRACTICAL APPROACH
EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
[Document subtitle]
[DATE]
[COMPANY NAME]
[Company address]
,Certainly! Here's the numbered list of all the questions and answers you provided:
1. **Hypersensitivity**
- Inflamed immune response to a foreign substance
2. **Type I Hypersensitivity**
- Immediate response
- Local or systemic
- Allergen activates IgE which binds to mast cells
- Second exposure causes antigen to bind to surface IgE, releasing mediators and triggering
the complement system
- Examples: Hay fever, food allergies, anaphylaxis
3. **Type II Hypersensitivity**
- Cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction
- IgG or IgM antibodies
- Complement system destroys blood cells
- Usually an immediate response
- Examples: Blood transfusion reaction, erythroblastosis fetalis
4. **Type III Hypersensitivity**
- Immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity
- Circulating antigen-antibody complexes accumulate and are deposited in tissue
- Triggers the complement system and inflammation
- Examples: Autoimmune conditions such as lupus
- Treatment is disease-specific
5. **Type IV Hypersensitivity**
, - Delayed hypersensitivity reaction
- T-cell mediated
- Examples: Tuberculin skin testing, transplant reactions, contact dermatitis
- Treatment is disease-specific
6. **Allogenic Transplant**
- Donor and recipient share similar tissue types
- Can be unrelated or related
7. **Syngenic Transplant**
- Donor and recipient are identical twins
8. **Autologous Transplant**
- Donor and recipient are the same person
9. **Hyperacute Tissue Rejections**
- Occur immediately or up to 3 days after transplant
- Triggered by the complement system
- Tissue becomes permanently necrotic
10. **Acute Tissue Rejection**
- Most common tissue rejection
- Treatable
- Occurs between 3 days and 4 months after transplant
- Symptoms: fever, erythema, edema, site tenderness, impaired function of the transplant
organ
11. **Chronic Tissue Rejection**
