Cognition 321 final exam QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT
Compared to control-group participants, people with anterograde amnesia are
likely to
A. perform similarly on implicit memory tasks, but poorer on explicit memory
tasks.
B. perform similarly on explicit memory tasks, but poorer on implicit memory
tasks.
C. perform significantly worse on both implicit and explicit tasks.
D. perform well on recognition tasks, but poorly on all other measures of
memory. - - Correct answer-:A. perform similarly on implicit memory tasks, but
poorer on explicit memory tasks.
In general, what is the relationship between emotional tone and recall accuracy in
long-term memory?
A. Emotional tone has little influence on recall in long-term memory, although it
does influence working memory.
B. Recall is generally most accurate for mildly unpleasant items.
C. Recall is generally most accurate for neutral items.
D. Recall is generally most accurate for pleasant items. - - Correct answer-:D.
Recall is generally most accurate for pleasant items.
,Suppose that you are studying for a biopsychology examination, and you decide
to try asking yourself questions about why various structures in the central
nervous system operate the way they do. According to the discussion of memory
strategies, your technique would
A. enhance encoding specificity.
B. promote simple rehearsal.
C. lead to divided attention.
D. encourage a deep level of processing. - - Correct answer-:D. encourage a deep
level of processing.
The research on practice and memory improvement demonstrates that
A. for most people, one exposure to the material is sufficient unless that material
is extremely difficult.
B. several reviews of the same material—without taking breaks in between—is
especially effective.
C. in general, we have little evidence for the total time hypothesis.
D. learning is more effective if learning trials are spread out over time, rather
than if you study without a break. - - Correct answer-:D. learning is more effective
if learning trials are spread out over time, rather than if you study without a
break.
Suppose that a friend tells you a phone number that you need to dial, as soon as
you are done talking. You don't have a pencil, so you remember it by grouping it
into two sections, one with three digits, and one with four digits. The method you
have used is called
A. the chunking method.
B. the method of loci.
C. the keyword method.
,D. the narrative technique. - - Correct answer-:A. the chunking method.
The hierarchy technique is an example of a mnemonic device that primarily
emphasizes
A. mental imagery.
B. organization.
C. the self-reference effect.
D. prospective memory. - - Correct answer-:B. organization.
Absentminded behavior is especially likely to occur
A. when you must remember to do something that is not part of your customary
routine.
B. when you are in an unfamiliar setting.
C. when you are trying to performing a task especially carefully.
D. when you are performing a retrospective-memory task. - - Correct answer-:A.
when you must remember to do something that is not part of your customary
routine.
Your textbook discussed a metamemory study that asked students to estimate
their total score on a test that they had just taken. The comparison between the
students' actual score and their estimated score showed that
A. the students consistently overestimated how well they had performed.
B. the students consistently underestimated how well they had performed.
C. the students with the lowest actual scores provided the most accurate
estimated scores.
, D. the students with the highest actual scores provided the most accurate
estimated scores - - Correct answer-:D. the students with the highest actual
scores provided the most accurate estimated scores
According to research on the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon,
A. when an item is on the tip of your tongue, you will seldom be able to recover
it.
B. your mental dictionary is arranged in alphabetical order.
C. you can identify similar-sounding words, but you cannot accurately guess the
number of syllables in the target word.
D. you can typically provide a similar-sounding word, which matches the target
word reasonably closely. - - Correct answer-:D. you can typically provide a similar-
sounding word, which matches the target word reasonably closely.
As you read this question, you may be asking yourself whether you understand it.
If so, you are engaging in
A. meta-analysis.
B. metamemory.
C. metacomprehension.
D. source monitoring. - - Correct answer-:C. metacomprehension.
You walk into a movie theater lobby and are surprised to see a rack of clothing on
sale in a corner. Your surprise is due to your _____ about movie theater lobbies.
A. exemplars
B. parallel processes
C. schema
D. tip-of-the-tongue effect - - Correct answer-:C. schema
ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT
Compared to control-group participants, people with anterograde amnesia are
likely to
A. perform similarly on implicit memory tasks, but poorer on explicit memory
tasks.
B. perform similarly on explicit memory tasks, but poorer on implicit memory
tasks.
C. perform significantly worse on both implicit and explicit tasks.
D. perform well on recognition tasks, but poorly on all other measures of
memory. - - Correct answer-:A. perform similarly on implicit memory tasks, but
poorer on explicit memory tasks.
In general, what is the relationship between emotional tone and recall accuracy in
long-term memory?
A. Emotional tone has little influence on recall in long-term memory, although it
does influence working memory.
B. Recall is generally most accurate for mildly unpleasant items.
C. Recall is generally most accurate for neutral items.
D. Recall is generally most accurate for pleasant items. - - Correct answer-:D.
Recall is generally most accurate for pleasant items.
,Suppose that you are studying for a biopsychology examination, and you decide
to try asking yourself questions about why various structures in the central
nervous system operate the way they do. According to the discussion of memory
strategies, your technique would
A. enhance encoding specificity.
B. promote simple rehearsal.
C. lead to divided attention.
D. encourage a deep level of processing. - - Correct answer-:D. encourage a deep
level of processing.
The research on practice and memory improvement demonstrates that
A. for most people, one exposure to the material is sufficient unless that material
is extremely difficult.
B. several reviews of the same material—without taking breaks in between—is
especially effective.
C. in general, we have little evidence for the total time hypothesis.
D. learning is more effective if learning trials are spread out over time, rather
than if you study without a break. - - Correct answer-:D. learning is more effective
if learning trials are spread out over time, rather than if you study without a
break.
Suppose that a friend tells you a phone number that you need to dial, as soon as
you are done talking. You don't have a pencil, so you remember it by grouping it
into two sections, one with three digits, and one with four digits. The method you
have used is called
A. the chunking method.
B. the method of loci.
C. the keyword method.
,D. the narrative technique. - - Correct answer-:A. the chunking method.
The hierarchy technique is an example of a mnemonic device that primarily
emphasizes
A. mental imagery.
B. organization.
C. the self-reference effect.
D. prospective memory. - - Correct answer-:B. organization.
Absentminded behavior is especially likely to occur
A. when you must remember to do something that is not part of your customary
routine.
B. when you are in an unfamiliar setting.
C. when you are trying to performing a task especially carefully.
D. when you are performing a retrospective-memory task. - - Correct answer-:A.
when you must remember to do something that is not part of your customary
routine.
Your textbook discussed a metamemory study that asked students to estimate
their total score on a test that they had just taken. The comparison between the
students' actual score and their estimated score showed that
A. the students consistently overestimated how well they had performed.
B. the students consistently underestimated how well they had performed.
C. the students with the lowest actual scores provided the most accurate
estimated scores.
, D. the students with the highest actual scores provided the most accurate
estimated scores - - Correct answer-:D. the students with the highest actual
scores provided the most accurate estimated scores
According to research on the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon,
A. when an item is on the tip of your tongue, you will seldom be able to recover
it.
B. your mental dictionary is arranged in alphabetical order.
C. you can identify similar-sounding words, but you cannot accurately guess the
number of syllables in the target word.
D. you can typically provide a similar-sounding word, which matches the target
word reasonably closely. - - Correct answer-:D. you can typically provide a similar-
sounding word, which matches the target word reasonably closely.
As you read this question, you may be asking yourself whether you understand it.
If so, you are engaging in
A. meta-analysis.
B. metamemory.
C. metacomprehension.
D. source monitoring. - - Correct answer-:C. metacomprehension.
You walk into a movie theater lobby and are surprised to see a rack of clothing on
sale in a corner. Your surprise is due to your _____ about movie theater lobbies.
A. exemplars
B. parallel processes
C. schema
D. tip-of-the-tongue effect - - Correct answer-:C. schema
