Chem 331 Final exam Questions and
All Correct Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
Slaters Rule - Answer same n = 0.35
n-1 = 0.85
all others = 1
Slaters Rule - Answer same n = 0.35
n-1 = 0.85
all others = 1
IR active vibration - Answer Must give rise to a change in the dipole moment of the molecule
Raman active vibration - Answer Must give rise to a change in the polarizability of the
molecule
Determining hybridization - Answer # of atoms + # of lone pairs =x
if x= 4 --> sp3
x=3 --> sp2
X=2 --> sp
Cubic Close Packing (CCP) - Answer - one sphere is in contact with 12 others
- every third layer is the same ABCABC
- also called face center cubic
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP) - Answer - every second layer is the same ABAB
-coordination # 12 (always touching 12 atoms)
Interstitial holes - Answer Close packed structures have octahedral and tetrahedral holes
Coordination # - Answer - # of atoms each atom touches
- Smaller coordination # = lower space occupancy
Polymorphism - Answer If a substance can exist as more than one crystalline form
, ie: Diamond and Graphite
Unit cell density - Answer ((mass/avogadros #)/length) = g/cm3
Lattice energy - Answer In ionic compounds it is the change in internal energy that
accompanies the formation of 1 mol of solid from its constituent gas phase ions @ 0K
Defacto - Answer Characterizes the connectivity of elements,
# of bonds for an element
ie: SH2 = divalent
SO2 = tetravalent (Draw it)
Determining Oxidation state - Answer 1. determine the most electronegative atom
2. count the # of electrons they usually have in their ionic state
3. Determine what the overall charge for each atom is
Group 1 elements - Answer - Highly reactive, strong reducing agents
- Used extensively as a strong base
-created using the Downs Process
Downs process - Answer NaCl + CaCl --> Na(l) + 1/2 Cl2(g)
Via electrolysis
Electrolysis - Answer The best way to reduce an element
Group 2 elements - Answer - Strong reducing agents
- Good lewis acids
- Highly reactive
IR Active symmetry labels - Answer Labels that have x,y,z values then they are IR active
Raman Active symmetry labels - Answer Labels that have a product equation (ie: x^2, xy) are
Raman active
All Correct Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
Slaters Rule - Answer same n = 0.35
n-1 = 0.85
all others = 1
Slaters Rule - Answer same n = 0.35
n-1 = 0.85
all others = 1
IR active vibration - Answer Must give rise to a change in the dipole moment of the molecule
Raman active vibration - Answer Must give rise to a change in the polarizability of the
molecule
Determining hybridization - Answer # of atoms + # of lone pairs =x
if x= 4 --> sp3
x=3 --> sp2
X=2 --> sp
Cubic Close Packing (CCP) - Answer - one sphere is in contact with 12 others
- every third layer is the same ABCABC
- also called face center cubic
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP) - Answer - every second layer is the same ABAB
-coordination # 12 (always touching 12 atoms)
Interstitial holes - Answer Close packed structures have octahedral and tetrahedral holes
Coordination # - Answer - # of atoms each atom touches
- Smaller coordination # = lower space occupancy
Polymorphism - Answer If a substance can exist as more than one crystalline form
, ie: Diamond and Graphite
Unit cell density - Answer ((mass/avogadros #)/length) = g/cm3
Lattice energy - Answer In ionic compounds it is the change in internal energy that
accompanies the formation of 1 mol of solid from its constituent gas phase ions @ 0K
Defacto - Answer Characterizes the connectivity of elements,
# of bonds for an element
ie: SH2 = divalent
SO2 = tetravalent (Draw it)
Determining Oxidation state - Answer 1. determine the most electronegative atom
2. count the # of electrons they usually have in their ionic state
3. Determine what the overall charge for each atom is
Group 1 elements - Answer - Highly reactive, strong reducing agents
- Used extensively as a strong base
-created using the Downs Process
Downs process - Answer NaCl + CaCl --> Na(l) + 1/2 Cl2(g)
Via electrolysis
Electrolysis - Answer The best way to reduce an element
Group 2 elements - Answer - Strong reducing agents
- Good lewis acids
- Highly reactive
IR Active symmetry labels - Answer Labels that have x,y,z values then they are IR active
Raman Active symmetry labels - Answer Labels that have a product equation (ie: x^2, xy) are
Raman active
