North Carolina Biology EOC
Complete Exam Study
Guide
Advanced Test 2026
Questions And Answers
Expert-Verified
(With A+ Grades Guarantee)
, North Carolina Biology EOC
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6kcv2d
1. Cell The Basic unit of structure and function in all organisms
2. Eukaryotes Organisms whose cell have a distinct nucleus and mem-
brane-bound organelles
3. Prokaryotes Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and mem-
brane-bound organelles
4. Organelles Cell structures that are specialized for different functions
5. Cytoplasm The thick, semifluid material that is enclosed by the plasma
membrane
6. Nucleus Directs and controls most cellular activities
7. Nuclear Membrane Controls the passage of materials between the nucleus and
the cytoplasm
8. Chromosomes threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain
the genes
9. Plasmids Small rings of DNA found naturally in some bacterial cells
in addition to the main bacterial chromosome. Can contain
genes for antibiotic resistance, or other "contingency" func-
tions.
2026
, North Carolina Biology EOC
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6kcv2d
10. Plasma Membrane a thin, flexible layer that surrounds the cytoplasm
11. Ribosomes Make a variety of proteins that are used throughout the cell
12. Mitochondria The organelles that carry out cellular respiration
13. Cell Wall A rigid structure that surrounds the plasma membrane of
some cells, giving them additional protection and support
14. Chloroplasts Organelles that capture the energy of sunlight and use it for
photosynthesis
15. Vacuole An organelle that stores water and other important materi-
als, including salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
16. Homeostasis The maintenance of stable internal conditions in a cell or
organism despite changes in its environment
17. pH A solution describes how acidic or basic a solution is
18. Buffer A substance that tends to maintain a stable pH
19. Diffusion The movement of particles from an area of higher concen-
tration to an area of lower concentration {Particles travel
from areas where they are crowded to areas where they are
less crowded}
20. Passive Transport The movement of materials into or out of the cell without
the expenditure of energy
21. Equilibrium When particles reach this state of equal concentration or
balance
22. Selectively Permeable some substances can pass across them and others cannot
2026
Complete Exam Study
Guide
Advanced Test 2026
Questions And Answers
Expert-Verified
(With A+ Grades Guarantee)
, North Carolina Biology EOC
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6kcv2d
1. Cell The Basic unit of structure and function in all organisms
2. Eukaryotes Organisms whose cell have a distinct nucleus and mem-
brane-bound organelles
3. Prokaryotes Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and mem-
brane-bound organelles
4. Organelles Cell structures that are specialized for different functions
5. Cytoplasm The thick, semifluid material that is enclosed by the plasma
membrane
6. Nucleus Directs and controls most cellular activities
7. Nuclear Membrane Controls the passage of materials between the nucleus and
the cytoplasm
8. Chromosomes threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain
the genes
9. Plasmids Small rings of DNA found naturally in some bacterial cells
in addition to the main bacterial chromosome. Can contain
genes for antibiotic resistance, or other "contingency" func-
tions.
2026
, North Carolina Biology EOC
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6kcv2d
10. Plasma Membrane a thin, flexible layer that surrounds the cytoplasm
11. Ribosomes Make a variety of proteins that are used throughout the cell
12. Mitochondria The organelles that carry out cellular respiration
13. Cell Wall A rigid structure that surrounds the plasma membrane of
some cells, giving them additional protection and support
14. Chloroplasts Organelles that capture the energy of sunlight and use it for
photosynthesis
15. Vacuole An organelle that stores water and other important materi-
als, including salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
16. Homeostasis The maintenance of stable internal conditions in a cell or
organism despite changes in its environment
17. pH A solution describes how acidic or basic a solution is
18. Buffer A substance that tends to maintain a stable pH
19. Diffusion The movement of particles from an area of higher concen-
tration to an area of lower concentration {Particles travel
from areas where they are crowded to areas where they are
less crowded}
20. Passive Transport The movement of materials into or out of the cell without
the expenditure of energy
21. Equilibrium When particles reach this state of equal concentration or
balance
22. Selectively Permeable some substances can pass across them and others cannot
2026
