CD 480 EXAM #3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
12 - Answers In the first 3 years of life, babies grow about ____ inches in one year.
4 - Answers In the first 3 years of life, babies became about ___ times as heavy in one year.
7-15 - Answers Newborn infants can see about ____ inches away.
preferences (faces, patterns, blue/red), length of interest, tracking, scanning, depth and distance
perception - Answers What are some visual abilities that improve rapidly over the first year?
direct gaze - Answers Toddlers have difficulty with some vision-related tasks as a result of limited
ability to _________.
increased heart rate and movement (sucking rate, limbs) at changes in pitch and loudness, show
alarm at sudden high-pitched noises, soothed by singing and heartbeats - Answers What abilities in
hearing development are developed by 26 weeks during the prenatal period?
will attend to high-pitched (female) voices especially own mother, other infants' crying, singing,
differences among sounds and tone of voice; will orient head and eyes towards sound - Answers What
are some aspects of hearing development in newborns?
before birth - Answers When do the senses of taste and smell develop?
smell - Answers The sense of _____ guides newborn feeding.
before birth - Answers When does the sense of touch develop?
parental touch communicates and soothes, this is how babies learn, the can tell difference between
textures and touch on different parts of body, feel pain - Answers What is involved in infant
development of the sense of touch?
2 - Answers By age ____ children have as many synapses as an adult.
3 - Answers By age ____ children have twice as many synapses as adults.
80% - Answers What percentage of brain development happens before age 3?
repetition, intensity, time/duration, age, generalization - Answers These factors matter in successful
intervention in the child's development.
caregiver attachment - Answers __________ is the most powerful influence on brain development.
80% - Answers _____ (%) of an infant's learning involves vision.
motor delays, cataracts, physical malformations, weak muscle tone, large protruding tongue, hearing
loss - Answers What are some common impairments in children with Down Syndrome?
blindness, deafness, motor impairments - Answers What are some common impairments in children
with cerebral palsy?
gross motor and speech delays - Answers What are some common impairments in children with
Fragile X Syndrome?
reflexive schemes, primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, coordination of secondary
circular reactions, tertiary circular reactions, mental combinations - Answers What are the
sensorimotor substages? (Piaget)
reflexive schemes (birth-1 month) - Answers What is the first substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development?
birth-1 month - Answers When does the reflexive schemes substage occur?
reflexive schemes - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive development, the infant
responds to its environment with involuntary reflexes.
1-4 months - Answers When does the primary circular reactions substage occur?
primary circular reactions (1-4 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development, the infant engages in repeated simple motor habits centered around its own body
because they are pleasurable. The actions are intentional, but there is there is no understanding of
cause and effect.
Ex: baby kicks legs, sucks thumb, or coos repeatedly
4-8 months - Answers When does the secondary circular reactions substage occur?
secondary circular reactions (4-8 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development, the infant engages in repeated actions on objects. There is still no understanding of
cause and effect.
Ex: baby will repeatedly shake a rattle or hit an object that moves
8-12 months - Answers When does the coordination of secondary circular reactions substage occur?
, coordination of secondary circular reactions (8-12 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor
cognitive development, the infant begins to engage in intentional, goal-directed behavior. They are
beginning to understand that their actions have consequences and may perform several actions with
one object.
Ex: baby may shake, bang, and chew rattle
12-18 months - Answers When does the tertiary circular reactions stage occur?
tertiary circular reactions (12-18 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development, babies will try novel actions to solve problems. They are starting to use trial and error
and are exploring properties of objects.
19-24 months - Answers When does the mental combinations substage occur?
mental combinations (18-24 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development, babies can make a mental representation of objects or can solve problems using
mental images. They can use delayed imitation and think through their actions without performing
them. This stage is the beginning of symbolic thought.
8, 2 - Answers Infants as young as ___ weeks old have been able to remember a learned behavior for
up to ____ weeks,
6-7 - Answers At ____ months, babies were found to have visual memory skills. They were able to
remember abstract patterns, faces or objects at a later time.
13 - Answers At ____ months, children were able to recall complex actions after a week, with parent's
verbal cues increasing the accuracy of recall.
6 months - Answers In one study, 2.5 year-old children were able to duplicate actions they had done
one time at age _______.
2-3 - Answers Around what age can toddlers recall familiar objects and actions they had previously
experienced?
short looking - Answers Some babies attend to objects by looking at several different features for brief
periods. This is considered "__________".
long looking - Answers Some babies attend to objects by looking at only one feature for long periods
of time. This is considered "_________".
short looking - Answers Children who are __________ tend to process information quicker.
primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, imitation games, simple pretense - Answers
What are the types of motor play in infants?
primary circular reactions - Answers The baby makes a raspberry sound and enjoys the sound. She
continues to make the sound again and again which produces pleasure for the infant. What type of
motor play is this?
secondary circular reactions - Answers The infant accidentally hits a toy hanging above him. He enjoys
the swing motion of the toy and swings again and again to see it move. What type of motor play is
this?
imitation game - Answers The father covers his face to play peek-a boo. The baby attempts to cover
her face to play the same game. What type of motor play is this?
simple pretense - Answers The baby pretends to drink from a cup and gives it to her mother to drink
from it also. What type of motor play is this?
12 - Answers Pretend play begins at about ______ months.
simple pretense - Answers This is the first type of pretend play. It involves using familiar objects to
pretend they are something else in routine activities.
24 - Answers At about ____ months, children begin to use 2 or more objects in simple pretend play.
They may use a spoon to stir in a pan or use a pitcher to pour in a cup. Symbolic thought continues to
grow and become more complex.
poverty, nutritional deficiency, illnesses/injuries, genetic disorders, birth complications (anoxia,
hemorrhaging), low birth weight - Answers What are some factors that affect cognitive development
in infants and toddlers?
poverty - Answers ___________ is considered one of the largest threats to child development.
Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) - Answers What is an example of a nutritional intervention
program for infants and toddlers and their families?
nutritional needs - Answers Unfortunately, in the US most early intervention programs focus on
intellectual and social functioning, but significant improvements could be made in low birth weight,
preterm births and cognitive delays with more focus on _____________ of the family and children
12 - Answers In the first 3 years of life, babies grow about ____ inches in one year.
4 - Answers In the first 3 years of life, babies became about ___ times as heavy in one year.
7-15 - Answers Newborn infants can see about ____ inches away.
preferences (faces, patterns, blue/red), length of interest, tracking, scanning, depth and distance
perception - Answers What are some visual abilities that improve rapidly over the first year?
direct gaze - Answers Toddlers have difficulty with some vision-related tasks as a result of limited
ability to _________.
increased heart rate and movement (sucking rate, limbs) at changes in pitch and loudness, show
alarm at sudden high-pitched noises, soothed by singing and heartbeats - Answers What abilities in
hearing development are developed by 26 weeks during the prenatal period?
will attend to high-pitched (female) voices especially own mother, other infants' crying, singing,
differences among sounds and tone of voice; will orient head and eyes towards sound - Answers What
are some aspects of hearing development in newborns?
before birth - Answers When do the senses of taste and smell develop?
smell - Answers The sense of _____ guides newborn feeding.
before birth - Answers When does the sense of touch develop?
parental touch communicates and soothes, this is how babies learn, the can tell difference between
textures and touch on different parts of body, feel pain - Answers What is involved in infant
development of the sense of touch?
2 - Answers By age ____ children have as many synapses as an adult.
3 - Answers By age ____ children have twice as many synapses as adults.
80% - Answers What percentage of brain development happens before age 3?
repetition, intensity, time/duration, age, generalization - Answers These factors matter in successful
intervention in the child's development.
caregiver attachment - Answers __________ is the most powerful influence on brain development.
80% - Answers _____ (%) of an infant's learning involves vision.
motor delays, cataracts, physical malformations, weak muscle tone, large protruding tongue, hearing
loss - Answers What are some common impairments in children with Down Syndrome?
blindness, deafness, motor impairments - Answers What are some common impairments in children
with cerebral palsy?
gross motor and speech delays - Answers What are some common impairments in children with
Fragile X Syndrome?
reflexive schemes, primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, coordination of secondary
circular reactions, tertiary circular reactions, mental combinations - Answers What are the
sensorimotor substages? (Piaget)
reflexive schemes (birth-1 month) - Answers What is the first substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development?
birth-1 month - Answers When does the reflexive schemes substage occur?
reflexive schemes - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive development, the infant
responds to its environment with involuntary reflexes.
1-4 months - Answers When does the primary circular reactions substage occur?
primary circular reactions (1-4 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development, the infant engages in repeated simple motor habits centered around its own body
because they are pleasurable. The actions are intentional, but there is there is no understanding of
cause and effect.
Ex: baby kicks legs, sucks thumb, or coos repeatedly
4-8 months - Answers When does the secondary circular reactions substage occur?
secondary circular reactions (4-8 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development, the infant engages in repeated actions on objects. There is still no understanding of
cause and effect.
Ex: baby will repeatedly shake a rattle or hit an object that moves
8-12 months - Answers When does the coordination of secondary circular reactions substage occur?
, coordination of secondary circular reactions (8-12 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor
cognitive development, the infant begins to engage in intentional, goal-directed behavior. They are
beginning to understand that their actions have consequences and may perform several actions with
one object.
Ex: baby may shake, bang, and chew rattle
12-18 months - Answers When does the tertiary circular reactions stage occur?
tertiary circular reactions (12-18 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development, babies will try novel actions to solve problems. They are starting to use trial and error
and are exploring properties of objects.
19-24 months - Answers When does the mental combinations substage occur?
mental combinations (18-24 months) - Answers In this substage of sensorimotor cognitive
development, babies can make a mental representation of objects or can solve problems using
mental images. They can use delayed imitation and think through their actions without performing
them. This stage is the beginning of symbolic thought.
8, 2 - Answers Infants as young as ___ weeks old have been able to remember a learned behavior for
up to ____ weeks,
6-7 - Answers At ____ months, babies were found to have visual memory skills. They were able to
remember abstract patterns, faces or objects at a later time.
13 - Answers At ____ months, children were able to recall complex actions after a week, with parent's
verbal cues increasing the accuracy of recall.
6 months - Answers In one study, 2.5 year-old children were able to duplicate actions they had done
one time at age _______.
2-3 - Answers Around what age can toddlers recall familiar objects and actions they had previously
experienced?
short looking - Answers Some babies attend to objects by looking at several different features for brief
periods. This is considered "__________".
long looking - Answers Some babies attend to objects by looking at only one feature for long periods
of time. This is considered "_________".
short looking - Answers Children who are __________ tend to process information quicker.
primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, imitation games, simple pretense - Answers
What are the types of motor play in infants?
primary circular reactions - Answers The baby makes a raspberry sound and enjoys the sound. She
continues to make the sound again and again which produces pleasure for the infant. What type of
motor play is this?
secondary circular reactions - Answers The infant accidentally hits a toy hanging above him. He enjoys
the swing motion of the toy and swings again and again to see it move. What type of motor play is
this?
imitation game - Answers The father covers his face to play peek-a boo. The baby attempts to cover
her face to play the same game. What type of motor play is this?
simple pretense - Answers The baby pretends to drink from a cup and gives it to her mother to drink
from it also. What type of motor play is this?
12 - Answers Pretend play begins at about ______ months.
simple pretense - Answers This is the first type of pretend play. It involves using familiar objects to
pretend they are something else in routine activities.
24 - Answers At about ____ months, children begin to use 2 or more objects in simple pretend play.
They may use a spoon to stir in a pan or use a pitcher to pour in a cup. Symbolic thought continues to
grow and become more complex.
poverty, nutritional deficiency, illnesses/injuries, genetic disorders, birth complications (anoxia,
hemorrhaging), low birth weight - Answers What are some factors that affect cognitive development
in infants and toddlers?
poverty - Answers ___________ is considered one of the largest threats to child development.
Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) - Answers What is an example of a nutritional intervention
program for infants and toddlers and their families?
nutritional needs - Answers Unfortunately, in the US most early intervention programs focus on
intellectual and social functioning, but significant improvements could be made in low birth weight,
preterm births and cognitive delays with more focus on _____________ of the family and children
