CNSC EXAM 2 TEST SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH FULL ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Symptoms of Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency Answer: Scaly
dermatitis
Alopecia
Thrombocytopenia
Anemia
Impaired wound healing
◉ What IV fluid most closely resembles jejunal and ileal electrolyte
content? Answer: Lactated Ringer's (LR)
◉ Supplementation of Vitamin A should be given for a maximum of
Answer: 14 days
◉ DKA puts a patient at high risk for low... Answer: phosphate
(hypophosphatemia)
◉ The risk of metastatic calcification in soft tissues begins to
increase when the product of calcium x phosphorus exceeds...
Answer: 55
,◉ What is the most common cause of zinc deficiency? Answer:
Diarrhea
◉ Liver disease can lead to toxicity of what mineral? Answer:
Copper (80% of copper is excreted in the bile, liver patients should
be monitored)
◉ What trace element may improve hepatic encephalopathy?
Answer: Zinc
◉ What is the benefit of aluminum in the PN? Answer: None, no
biologic function
Often a contaminant in PN or in medic such as antacids or sucralfate
◉ What can cause an invalid indirect calorimetry measurement?
Answer: Air leaks (leaking chest tube, bronchopleural fistula)
High mechanical vent settings (FiO2 >60% or PEEP > 12 cm H20)
Hemodialysis (loss of CO2)
◉ Respiratory Quotient values Answer: 0.71 primarily fat oxidation
0.82 primarily protein oxidation
0.85 mixed substrate utilization
1.0 carbohydrate oxidation
,◉ Cheilosis is associated with... Answer: Cheilosis: cracking of
corners of mouth
Deficiency of:
Riboflavin
Niacin
Iron
Pyridoxine
◉ Ascites treatment includes Answer: Fluid and sodium restriction
◉ What is the normal length of small intestine in adults? Answer:
300 to 600 cm
◉ Where is fat absorbed in the GI tract? Answer: Duodenum and
proximal jejunum
◉ Gastrectomy patients are at risk for deficiency of... Answer: B12
◉ Which part of the GI tract has the least impact on nutrient
absorption and intestinal adaptation following significant intestinal
, resection? Answer: Jejunum (ileum can adapt well, if you lose ileum
D&J can't adapt; colon loss leads to fluid loss)
◉ Valproic acid (epileptic drug) can cause what deficiency? Answer:
Carnitine
◉ Methotrexate (chemo drug) interferes with the normal
intracellular metabolism of what nutrient? Answer: Folate
◉ Which trace element accumulation is associated with Wilson's
disease? Answer: Copper
◉ The acute phase response has what effect on serum iron and
ferritin levels? Answer: Decreases serum iron levels
Increases serum ferritin levels
◉ The majority of dietary folate is reabsorbed via... Answer:
Enterohepatic circulation
◉ Which tests can be used to assess vitamin A status? Answer: 1.
Serum retinol concentration
2. Plasma transthyretin-retinol binding protein (TTR-RBP)
concentration
3. Serum retinol binding protein level
WITH FULL ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Symptoms of Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency Answer: Scaly
dermatitis
Alopecia
Thrombocytopenia
Anemia
Impaired wound healing
◉ What IV fluid most closely resembles jejunal and ileal electrolyte
content? Answer: Lactated Ringer's (LR)
◉ Supplementation of Vitamin A should be given for a maximum of
Answer: 14 days
◉ DKA puts a patient at high risk for low... Answer: phosphate
(hypophosphatemia)
◉ The risk of metastatic calcification in soft tissues begins to
increase when the product of calcium x phosphorus exceeds...
Answer: 55
,◉ What is the most common cause of zinc deficiency? Answer:
Diarrhea
◉ Liver disease can lead to toxicity of what mineral? Answer:
Copper (80% of copper is excreted in the bile, liver patients should
be monitored)
◉ What trace element may improve hepatic encephalopathy?
Answer: Zinc
◉ What is the benefit of aluminum in the PN? Answer: None, no
biologic function
Often a contaminant in PN or in medic such as antacids or sucralfate
◉ What can cause an invalid indirect calorimetry measurement?
Answer: Air leaks (leaking chest tube, bronchopleural fistula)
High mechanical vent settings (FiO2 >60% or PEEP > 12 cm H20)
Hemodialysis (loss of CO2)
◉ Respiratory Quotient values Answer: 0.71 primarily fat oxidation
0.82 primarily protein oxidation
0.85 mixed substrate utilization
1.0 carbohydrate oxidation
,◉ Cheilosis is associated with... Answer: Cheilosis: cracking of
corners of mouth
Deficiency of:
Riboflavin
Niacin
Iron
Pyridoxine
◉ Ascites treatment includes Answer: Fluid and sodium restriction
◉ What is the normal length of small intestine in adults? Answer:
300 to 600 cm
◉ Where is fat absorbed in the GI tract? Answer: Duodenum and
proximal jejunum
◉ Gastrectomy patients are at risk for deficiency of... Answer: B12
◉ Which part of the GI tract has the least impact on nutrient
absorption and intestinal adaptation following significant intestinal
, resection? Answer: Jejunum (ileum can adapt well, if you lose ileum
D&J can't adapt; colon loss leads to fluid loss)
◉ Valproic acid (epileptic drug) can cause what deficiency? Answer:
Carnitine
◉ Methotrexate (chemo drug) interferes with the normal
intracellular metabolism of what nutrient? Answer: Folate
◉ Which trace element accumulation is associated with Wilson's
disease? Answer: Copper
◉ The acute phase response has what effect on serum iron and
ferritin levels? Answer: Decreases serum iron levels
Increases serum ferritin levels
◉ The majority of dietary folate is reabsorbed via... Answer:
Enterohepatic circulation
◉ Which tests can be used to assess vitamin A status? Answer: 1.
Serum retinol concentration
2. Plasma transthyretin-retinol binding protein (TTR-RBP)
concentration
3. Serum retinol binding protein level
