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Med C File © 2022
,Touhy: Ebersole & Hess' Toward Healthy Aging, 9th Edition
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ty Chapter 01: Health and Wellness in an Aging Society
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ty MULTIPLE CHOICE ty
1. When asked by new parents what the life expectancy is for their African American
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ty newborn, the nurse replies that, “2010 statistics indicate that your son:
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a. will have a life expectancy of approximately 65 years.”
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. can realistically expect to live into his late 80s.”
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c. has a good chance of celebrating his 75th birthday.”
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d. is likely to live into his late 90s.”
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ANS: C ty
In 2010, men in the United States at age 60 can expect to live another 22 years. The life
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expectancy of African American men is about 4.7 years less than white men. Of the options
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above, C is the only response that fits into those parameters. The other options are not
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supported by reliable research.
ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 3 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
2. A nurse is planning care for a group of super-centenarians in an assisted living facility.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ty The nurse considers which of the following?
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a. Most super-centenarians are functionally independent or require minimal
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ty assistance with activities of daily living ty ty ty ty ty
b. The majority of super-centenarians have cognitive impairment
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c. The number of super-centenarians is expected to decrease in coming years as
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a result of heart disease and stroke
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d. It is theorized that super-centenarians survived as long as they have due to
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genetic mutations that made them less susceptible to common diseases
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ANS: A ty
Research supports that most super-centenarians are functionally and cognitively intact,
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requiring minimal assistance with ADLs. The number of super-centenarians is expected
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to increase in coming years as the number of older adults increases. The reason why
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individuals survived as long as they have is not known.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
3. One reason why many “baby boomers” have multiple chronic conditions such as heart
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ty disease, diabetes, and arthritis is that: ty ty ty ty ty
a. they have less access to medication and other treatment regimens.
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b. there was a lack of importance placed on healthy living as they were growing up.
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c. they did not have access to immunizations against communicable disease
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when they were children.
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d. they grew up in an era of rampant poverty and malnutrition.
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, ANS: B ty
The baby boomers, individuals born between 1946 and 1964, post-WWII, have better
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access to medication and treatment regimens than other cohorts. They have had the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
benefit of the development of immunizations against communicable diseases. They grew
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up in an era of prosperity post-WWII. However, there was a lack of importance placed on
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
what we now consider healthy living when they were younger. Smoking, for example,
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
was not condoned, but was considered a symbol of status. Candy in the shape of cigarettes
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
was popular, and there was much secondhand smoke.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 6 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
4. A nurse is planning an education program on wellness in a local senior citizen center.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
The nurse plans to provide education on the importance of immunizations, annual
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physical examinations, screening for diabetes, and vision and hearing screening. It is
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important for the nurse to understand which of the following?
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a. Approximately 40% of older adults (ages 65 and older) utilize available ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
preventive services
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b. Preventive strategies are more widely used in the 40-64 age group than in the
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65 and over age group
ty ty ty ty ty
c. The research on health promotion strategies in older adults demonstrates that
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they have low efficacy
ty ty ty ty
d. There is an abundance of research specific to health promotion and aging
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ANS: A ty
Approximately 40% of individuals, ages 65 and older, utilize the preventive services that
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
are available to them. However, only 24% of those between the ages of 40 and 64 do so.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
There is a paucity of research specific to health promotion and aging; however, the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
research that exists demonstrates that health promotion strategies are highly effective.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 7 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
5. A nurse is caring for an 85-year-old male client with diabetes in a community setting.
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ty The nurse promotes functional wellness by which of the following activities?
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a. Encouraging the client maintains current levels of physical activity ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. Assisting the client to receive all the recommended preventive screenings that
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are appropriate for his age group
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c. Teaching the patient how to use a rolling walker so that he can ambulate for
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
longer distances
ty ty
d. Encouraging the client to attend his weekly chess games ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ANS: A ty
Maintaining existing levels of physical activity is consistent with functional wellness.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Teaching the client how to use a rolling walker enables the client to remain active at the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
highest level possible, which is an example of promoting functional wellness. Receiving
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
recommended screening is an example of promoting biological wellness. The use of a
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
rolling walker should be based on assessment of physical ability. Encouraging the client
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
to attend weekly chess games is an example of promoting social wellness.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 10 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
6. Based on the census reports of 2010, the typical profile of a centenarian in the United
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States includes which of the following characteristics?
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a. A Caucasian woman who lives in an urban area of a Southern state
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b. An African American woman who lives in a rural area of a Southern state
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c. A Hispanic man who lives in an urban area of a Midwestern state
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d. A Caucasian man who lives in a rural area of a Midwestern state
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ANS: A ty
Based on the 2010 U.S. Census data, centenarians were overwhelmingly white (82.5%),
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women (82.8%), and living in urban areas of the Southern states.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 5 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
MULTIPLE RESPONSE ty
1. Primary prevention strategies for older adults include which of the following? (Select all
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that apply.)
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a. An annual influenza immunization clinic
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b. A smoking cessation program
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c. A prostate screening program
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d. A cardiac rehabilitation program
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e. A meal planning education program for type 2 diabetics
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ANS: A, B ty ty
Primary prevention refers to strategies that are used to prevent an illness before it occurs
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
and maintaining wellness across the continuum of care. Immunizations and smoking
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
cessation are examples of primary prevention. Secondary prevention is the early detection
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of a disease or a health problem that has already developed. Prostate screening is an
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
example of secondary prevention. Tertiary prevention addresses the needs of individuals
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
who already have their wellness challenged. Cardiac rehabilitation and meal planning for
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diabetics are examples of tertiary prevention.
ty ty ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: pp. 8–9 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
t y ty ty ty ty
2. A nurse organizes a health fair for older adults. The nurse’s goal is to focus on the six
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priority areas identified by the National Prevention Council. Which of the following
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activities should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
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a. Smoking cessation ty
b. Depression screening ty
c. Recognizing elder abuse ty ty
d. Cholesterol screening ty
e. Fitness training ty
ty
Med C File © 2022
,Touhy: Ebersole & Hess' Toward Healthy Aging, 9th Edition
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ty Chapter 01: Health and Wellness in an Aging Society
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ty MULTIPLE CHOICE ty
1. When asked by new parents what the life expectancy is for their African American
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ty newborn, the nurse replies that, “2010 statistics indicate that your son:
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. will have a life expectancy of approximately 65 years.”
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. can realistically expect to live into his late 80s.”
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
c. has a good chance of celebrating his 75th birthday.”
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
d. is likely to live into his late 90s.”
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ANS: C ty
In 2010, men in the United States at age 60 can expect to live another 22 years. The life
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
expectancy of African American men is about 4.7 years less than white men. Of the options
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
above, C is the only response that fits into those parameters. The other options are not
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
supported by reliable research.
ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 3 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
2. A nurse is planning care for a group of super-centenarians in an assisted living facility.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ty The nurse considers which of the following?
ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. Most super-centenarians are functionally independent or require minimal
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ty assistance with activities of daily living ty ty ty ty ty
b. The majority of super-centenarians have cognitive impairment
ty ty ty ty ty ty
c. The number of super-centenarians is expected to decrease in coming years as
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a result of heart disease and stroke
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
d. It is theorized that super-centenarians survived as long as they have due to
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
genetic mutations that made them less susceptible to common diseases
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ANS: A ty
Research supports that most super-centenarians are functionally and cognitively intact,
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
requiring minimal assistance with ADLs. The number of super-centenarians is expected
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
to increase in coming years as the number of older adults increases. The reason why
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
individuals survived as long as they have is not known.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
3. One reason why many “baby boomers” have multiple chronic conditions such as heart
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ty disease, diabetes, and arthritis is that: ty ty ty ty ty
a. they have less access to medication and other treatment regimens.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. there was a lack of importance placed on healthy living as they were growing up.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
c. they did not have access to immunizations against communicable disease
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
when they were children.
ty ty ty ty
d. they grew up in an era of rampant poverty and malnutrition.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
, ANS: B ty
The baby boomers, individuals born between 1946 and 1964, post-WWII, have better
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
access to medication and treatment regimens than other cohorts. They have had the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
benefit of the development of immunizations against communicable diseases. They grew
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
up in an era of prosperity post-WWII. However, there was a lack of importance placed on
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
what we now consider healthy living when they were younger. Smoking, for example,
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
was not condoned, but was considered a symbol of status. Candy in the shape of cigarettes
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
was popular, and there was much secondhand smoke.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 6 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
4. A nurse is planning an education program on wellness in a local senior citizen center.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
The nurse plans to provide education on the importance of immunizations, annual
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
physical examinations, screening for diabetes, and vision and hearing screening. It is
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
important for the nurse to understand which of the following?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. Approximately 40% of older adults (ages 65 and older) utilize available ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
preventive services
ty ty
b. Preventive strategies are more widely used in the 40-64 age group than in the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
65 and over age group
ty ty ty ty ty
c. The research on health promotion strategies in older adults demonstrates that
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
they have low efficacy
ty ty ty ty
d. There is an abundance of research specific to health promotion and aging
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ANS: A ty
Approximately 40% of individuals, ages 65 and older, utilize the preventive services that
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
are available to them. However, only 24% of those between the ages of 40 and 64 do so.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
There is a paucity of research specific to health promotion and aging; however, the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
research that exists demonstrates that health promotion strategies are highly effective.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 7 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
5. A nurse is caring for an 85-year-old male client with diabetes in a community setting.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ty The nurse promotes functional wellness by which of the following activities?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. Encouraging the client maintains current levels of physical activity ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. Assisting the client to receive all the recommended preventive screenings that
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
are appropriate for his age group
ty ty ty ty ty ty
c. Teaching the patient how to use a rolling walker so that he can ambulate for
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
longer distances
ty ty
d. Encouraging the client to attend his weekly chess games ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ANS: A ty
Maintaining existing levels of physical activity is consistent with functional wellness.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Teaching the client how to use a rolling walker enables the client to remain active at the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
highest level possible, which is an example of promoting functional wellness. Receiving
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
recommended screening is an example of promoting biological wellness. The use of a
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
rolling walker should be based on assessment of physical ability. Encouraging the client
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
to attend weekly chess games is an example of promoting social wellness.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 10 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
6. Based on the census reports of 2010, the typical profile of a centenarian in the United
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
States includes which of the following characteristics?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. A Caucasian woman who lives in an urban area of a Southern state
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b. An African American woman who lives in a rural area of a Southern state
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
c. A Hispanic man who lives in an urban area of a Midwestern state
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
d. A Caucasian man who lives in a rural area of a Midwestern state
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ANS: A ty
Based on the 2010 U.S. Census data, centenarians were overwhelmingly white (82.5%),
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women (82.8%), and living in urban areas of the Southern states.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 5 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
t y ty ty ty ty ty
MULTIPLE RESPONSE ty
1. Primary prevention strategies for older adults include which of the following? (Select all
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
that apply.)
ty ty
a. An annual influenza immunization clinic
ty ty ty ty
b. A smoking cessation program
ty ty ty
c. A prostate screening program
ty ty ty
d. A cardiac rehabilitation program
ty ty ty
e. A meal planning education program for type 2 diabetics
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
ANS: A, B ty ty
Primary prevention refers to strategies that are used to prevent an illness before it occurs
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
and maintaining wellness across the continuum of care. Immunizations and smoking
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
cessation are examples of primary prevention. Secondary prevention is the early detection
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
of a disease or a health problem that has already developed. Prostate screening is an
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
example of secondary prevention. Tertiary prevention addresses the needs of individuals
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
who already have their wellness challenged. Cardiac rehabilitation and meal planning for
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
diabetics are examples of tertiary prevention.
ty ty ty ty ty ty
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: pp. 8–9 ty ty ty ty
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
ty t y ty ty
MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
t y ty ty ty ty
2. A nurse organizes a health fair for older adults. The nurse’s goal is to focus on the six
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
priority areas identified by the National Prevention Council. Which of the following
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
activities should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. Smoking cessation ty
b. Depression screening ty
c. Recognizing elder abuse ty ty
d. Cholesterol screening ty
e. Fitness training ty
