PSE 324 (2) Questions With Complete Solutions
Alternative models criticism Correct Answers Existence of
other cultural frameworks
Applications of Hofstede model Correct Answers Comparing
cultures, reflecting on behaviour, interpreting misunderstandings
Assumptions (cultural iceberg) Correct Answers Taken-for-
granted beliefs about reality
Challenges (cultural factor) Correct Answers Importance of
achievement and stimulation
Collectivist culture Correct Answers A tightly structured
society emphasizing group loyalty and protection
Countries in Hofstede study Correct Answers 50 different
countries
Criticism of Hofstede dimensions Correct Answers Questioning
why only six dimensions are used
Cultural Iceberg Model (Kohls) Correct Answers Metaphor
explaining that culture consists of visible elements above the
surface and deeper, less visible elements below the surface
Desire for stability (uncertainty avoidance) Correct Answers
Preference for predictability
, Emotional component (culture) Correct Answers Culture carries
an important emotional dimension, especially in its invisible
elements
Ethnic-religious culture level Correct Answers Culture shared
by ethnic or religious groups
External behaviours (culture) Correct Answers Policies,
procedures, customs, language, and shared history
Fear of disagreement (organisation) Correct Answers Whether
staff feel safe expressing disagreement
Feminine orientation Correct Answers Societies valuing
modesty, tenderness, and quality of life
Freedom (cultural factor) Correct Answers Value placed on
autonomy
Gender culture level Correct Answers Culture influenced by
gender roles
Generational culture level Correct Answers Culture shaped by
age groups
Heroes (Hofstede) Correct Answers People, real or imaginary,
who embody cultural values
Hierarchical distance Correct Answers Extent to which unequal
power distribution is accepted
Alternative models criticism Correct Answers Existence of
other cultural frameworks
Applications of Hofstede model Correct Answers Comparing
cultures, reflecting on behaviour, interpreting misunderstandings
Assumptions (cultural iceberg) Correct Answers Taken-for-
granted beliefs about reality
Challenges (cultural factor) Correct Answers Importance of
achievement and stimulation
Collectivist culture Correct Answers A tightly structured
society emphasizing group loyalty and protection
Countries in Hofstede study Correct Answers 50 different
countries
Criticism of Hofstede dimensions Correct Answers Questioning
why only six dimensions are used
Cultural Iceberg Model (Kohls) Correct Answers Metaphor
explaining that culture consists of visible elements above the
surface and deeper, less visible elements below the surface
Desire for stability (uncertainty avoidance) Correct Answers
Preference for predictability
, Emotional component (culture) Correct Answers Culture carries
an important emotional dimension, especially in its invisible
elements
Ethnic-religious culture level Correct Answers Culture shared
by ethnic or religious groups
External behaviours (culture) Correct Answers Policies,
procedures, customs, language, and shared history
Fear of disagreement (organisation) Correct Answers Whether
staff feel safe expressing disagreement
Feminine orientation Correct Answers Societies valuing
modesty, tenderness, and quality of life
Freedom (cultural factor) Correct Answers Value placed on
autonomy
Gender culture level Correct Answers Culture influenced by
gender roles
Generational culture level Correct Answers Culture shaped by
age groups
Heroes (Hofstede) Correct Answers People, real or imaginary,
who embody cultural values
Hierarchical distance Correct Answers Extent to which unequal
power distribution is accepted
