KARCHS FOCUS ON NURSING
PHARMACOLOGY 9TH EDITION ACTUAL
EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Anaerobic. Answer: bacteria that survive without oxygen, which are
often found in chronic infections and the GI tract
◉ antibiotic. Answer: A chemical that inhibits the growth of specific
bacteria or causes the death of susceptible bacteria
◉ Gram-negative. Answer: Bacteria that have only a thin layer of
peptidoglycan, making them less likely to absorb stain or become
decolorized by alcohol; these bacteria are frequently associated with
infections of the genitourinary or GI tract.
◉ Gram-positive. Answer: Bacteria that have cell walls with more
peptidoglycan layers, which absorb more stain or resist decolorization
with alcohol during preliminary identification; these bacteria are
frequently associated with infections of the respiratory tract or soft
tissues.
, ◉ Gram staining. Answer: A process used to identify between types of
bacteria based on differences of components in their cell walls.
◉ synergistic. Answer: drugs that work together to increase drug
effectiveness
◉ Bacteriostatic. Answer: inhibits growth of bacteria
◉ Bactericidal. Answer: Killing bacteria directly
◉ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Answer: collection of
opportunistic infections and cancers that occurs when the immune
system is severely depressed by a decrease in the number of functioning
helper T cells; caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV)
◉ AIDS-related complex (ARC). Answer: collection of less serious
opportunistic infections with HIV infection; the decrease in the number
of helper T cells is less severe than in fully developed AIDS
◉ CCR5 coreceptor antagonist. Answer: a drug that blocks the receptor
site on the T cell membrane that the HIV virus needs to interact with in
order to enter the cell
PHARMACOLOGY 9TH EDITION ACTUAL
EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Anaerobic. Answer: bacteria that survive without oxygen, which are
often found in chronic infections and the GI tract
◉ antibiotic. Answer: A chemical that inhibits the growth of specific
bacteria or causes the death of susceptible bacteria
◉ Gram-negative. Answer: Bacteria that have only a thin layer of
peptidoglycan, making them less likely to absorb stain or become
decolorized by alcohol; these bacteria are frequently associated with
infections of the genitourinary or GI tract.
◉ Gram-positive. Answer: Bacteria that have cell walls with more
peptidoglycan layers, which absorb more stain or resist decolorization
with alcohol during preliminary identification; these bacteria are
frequently associated with infections of the respiratory tract or soft
tissues.
, ◉ Gram staining. Answer: A process used to identify between types of
bacteria based on differences of components in their cell walls.
◉ synergistic. Answer: drugs that work together to increase drug
effectiveness
◉ Bacteriostatic. Answer: inhibits growth of bacteria
◉ Bactericidal. Answer: Killing bacteria directly
◉ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Answer: collection of
opportunistic infections and cancers that occurs when the immune
system is severely depressed by a decrease in the number of functioning
helper T cells; caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV)
◉ AIDS-related complex (ARC). Answer: collection of less serious
opportunistic infections with HIV infection; the decrease in the number
of helper T cells is less severe than in fully developed AIDS
◉ CCR5 coreceptor antagonist. Answer: a drug that blocks the receptor
site on the T cell membrane that the HIV virus needs to interact with in
order to enter the cell
