BSC 2085 CORE EXAM 2026 TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Type A Fibers - ✔✔Myelinated
Large diameter
High speed (120 m/sec)
Carry rapid information to/from CNS
For example, position, balance, touch, and motor impulses
✔✔Type B Fibers - ✔✔Myelinated
Medium diameter
Medium speed (18 m/sec)
Carry intermediate signals
For example, sensory information (from viscera), peripheral effectors
✔✔Type C Fibers - ✔✔Unmyelinated
Small diameter
Slow speed (1 m/sec)
Carry slower information
For example, involuntary muscle, gland controls
Note: physically impossible to have all axons myelinated. If so, then nerves would be as
thick as garden hoses and spinal cord as wide as a garbage can
✔✔What happens at the peak of the potential - ✔✔
✔✔ Which actually send the electrical signal? - ✔✔Neuron
✔✔Neuron - ✔✔Cells that send and receive signals
✔✔Neuroglia (glial cells) - ✔✔Cells that support and protect neurons
✔✔Organs of the Nervous System - ✔✔Brain and spinal cord
Sensory receptors of sense organs (eyes, ears, etc.)
Nerves connect nervous system with other systems
✔✔Central Nervous System (CNS) - ✔✔Brain and spinal cord
Contains neural tissue, connective tissues, and blood vessels
✔✔Functions of the CNS - ✔✔to process and coordinate:
1. Sensory data from inside and outside body
2. Motor commands control activities of peripheral organs (e.g., skeletal muscles)
3. Higher functions of brain: intelligence, memory, learning, emotion
✔✔Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ✔✔Includes all neural tissue outside the CNS
, Nerves (also called peripheral nerves)
Bundles of axons with connective tissues and blood vessels
Carry sensory information and motor commands in PNS
Cranial nerves - connect to brain
Spinal nerves - attach to spinal cord
✔✔Functions of the PNS - ✔✔Deliver sensory information to the CNS
Carry motor commands from the CNS to peripheral tissues and systems
✔✔What is a bundle of axons in the CNS called? - ✔✔a tract
✔✔what are in PNS? - ✔✔nerves
✔✔What are in the CVS? - ✔✔tracts
✔✔Functional Divisions of the PNS - ✔✔Afferent division
Efferent Division
✔✔Afferent Division - ✔✔AAAApproaches CNS
Carries sensory information
From PNS sensory receptors to CNS
✔✔Efferent division - ✔✔EEEEExits CNS
Carries motor commands
From CNS to PNS muscles and glands
✔✔Receptor - ✔✔Detect changes or respond to stimuli
Stimuli can be internal or external
Receptors can be found on neurons and specialized cells
Complex sensory organs (e.g., eyes, ears)
✔✔Effectors - ✔✔Respond to efferent signals
Cells and organs
✔✔The efferent division two components - ✔✔1. Somatic nervous system (SNS)
Controls voluntary and involuntary (reflexes) skeletal muscle contractions
2. Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Controls subconscious actions, contractions of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle, and
glandular secretions
Sympathetic division has a stimulating effect
Fight or flight response
Parasympathetic division has a relaxing effect
✔✔What system is the Fight or Flight response? - ✔✔Sympathetic division has a
stimulating effect
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Type A Fibers - ✔✔Myelinated
Large diameter
High speed (120 m/sec)
Carry rapid information to/from CNS
For example, position, balance, touch, and motor impulses
✔✔Type B Fibers - ✔✔Myelinated
Medium diameter
Medium speed (18 m/sec)
Carry intermediate signals
For example, sensory information (from viscera), peripheral effectors
✔✔Type C Fibers - ✔✔Unmyelinated
Small diameter
Slow speed (1 m/sec)
Carry slower information
For example, involuntary muscle, gland controls
Note: physically impossible to have all axons myelinated. If so, then nerves would be as
thick as garden hoses and spinal cord as wide as a garbage can
✔✔What happens at the peak of the potential - ✔✔
✔✔ Which actually send the electrical signal? - ✔✔Neuron
✔✔Neuron - ✔✔Cells that send and receive signals
✔✔Neuroglia (glial cells) - ✔✔Cells that support and protect neurons
✔✔Organs of the Nervous System - ✔✔Brain and spinal cord
Sensory receptors of sense organs (eyes, ears, etc.)
Nerves connect nervous system with other systems
✔✔Central Nervous System (CNS) - ✔✔Brain and spinal cord
Contains neural tissue, connective tissues, and blood vessels
✔✔Functions of the CNS - ✔✔to process and coordinate:
1. Sensory data from inside and outside body
2. Motor commands control activities of peripheral organs (e.g., skeletal muscles)
3. Higher functions of brain: intelligence, memory, learning, emotion
✔✔Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ✔✔Includes all neural tissue outside the CNS
, Nerves (also called peripheral nerves)
Bundles of axons with connective tissues and blood vessels
Carry sensory information and motor commands in PNS
Cranial nerves - connect to brain
Spinal nerves - attach to spinal cord
✔✔Functions of the PNS - ✔✔Deliver sensory information to the CNS
Carry motor commands from the CNS to peripheral tissues and systems
✔✔What is a bundle of axons in the CNS called? - ✔✔a tract
✔✔what are in PNS? - ✔✔nerves
✔✔What are in the CVS? - ✔✔tracts
✔✔Functional Divisions of the PNS - ✔✔Afferent division
Efferent Division
✔✔Afferent Division - ✔✔AAAApproaches CNS
Carries sensory information
From PNS sensory receptors to CNS
✔✔Efferent division - ✔✔EEEEExits CNS
Carries motor commands
From CNS to PNS muscles and glands
✔✔Receptor - ✔✔Detect changes or respond to stimuli
Stimuli can be internal or external
Receptors can be found on neurons and specialized cells
Complex sensory organs (e.g., eyes, ears)
✔✔Effectors - ✔✔Respond to efferent signals
Cells and organs
✔✔The efferent division two components - ✔✔1. Somatic nervous system (SNS)
Controls voluntary and involuntary (reflexes) skeletal muscle contractions
2. Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Controls subconscious actions, contractions of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle, and
glandular secretions
Sympathetic division has a stimulating effect
Fight or flight response
Parasympathetic division has a relaxing effect
✔✔What system is the Fight or Flight response? - ✔✔Sympathetic division has a
stimulating effect
