AP Comparative Government Midterm Exam with Questions And Correct Answers

AP Comparative Government Midterm Exam with Questions And Correct Answers illiberal democracy - ANSWER -regimes that are elected but lack democratic qualities such as citizen rights and limits on government postmaterialism - ANSWER -theory that claims growing equality and prosperity in the rich industrialized countries have resulted in a shift from class-based to value-based authoritarianism - ANSWER -a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator, a political system that denies the people participation in government democratic deficit - ANSWER -happens when supposedly democratic organizations or institutions fall short of fulfilling the principles of democracy empirical question - ANSWER -a question that can be ANSWERed by objective observation normative question - ANSWER -a question requiring comparison between what is happening and what should be happening theocracy - ANSWER -government based on religious rule ideology - ANSWER -value and belief system about the goals of government heterogeneity - ANSWER -the quality of being diverse and not comparable in kind conservative - ANSWER -questioning the need for change, tending to resist change; favoring traditional values and views liberalism - ANSWER -a political orientation that favors progress and reform radicalism - ANSWER -the political orientation of those who favor revolutionary change in government and society corporatism - ANSWER -a political system in which interest groups become an institutionalized part of the state or dominant political party proportional representation - ANSWER -elections based on party in which party receives seats based on percentage of vote, representation of all parties in proportion to their popular vote government - ANSWER -the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit political socialization - ANSWER -process through which you form political views political identification - ANSWER -identifying with a certain political party political culture - ANSWER -values and beliefs that impact politics, an overall set of values widely shared within a society legitimacy - ANSWER -the right to rule, people accept the ruler civil society - ANSWER -a complex network of voluntary associations, economic groups, religious organizations, and many other kinds of groups that exist independently from the government democratization - ANSWER -the action of making something democratic sovereignty - ANSWER -ability of governments to carry out actions independent of internal or external factors correlation - ANSWER -something that connects two things together causation - ANSWER -when something is a direct result political cleavage - ANSWER -national, ethnic, linguistic, and racial divisions that affect political allegiances and policies crosscutting cleavage - ANSWER -cleavage that strengthens society by bringing groups together coinciding cleavage - ANSWER -cleavage that weakens society by piling differences on top of each other federal - ANSWER -system where regional governments are protected, central government doesn't have all power democratization - ANSWER -the action of making something democratic liberalization - ANSWER -the government's removal or loosening of restrictions on something first past the post - ANSWER -person that wins most votes wins the seat political economy - ANSWER -relationships between the markets and the state developed countries - ANSWER -countries with high standards of living and high tech economies developing countries - ANSWER -countries that are industrializing and growing democratic corporatism - ANSWER -a set of institutions or forums that bring representatives from employers, trade unions, and government together to negotiate issues affecting workplaces, industry structure, and national economic policy. homogeneity - ANSWER -the quality of being similar or comparable in kind or nature Gross National Product - ANSWER -the sum of all goods and services produced in a nation in a year Gross Domestic Product - ANSWER -the total market value of all final goods and services produced annually in an economy Purchasing Power Parity - ANSWER -evens exchange rates between currencies, compares goods to other countries goods Human Development Index - ANSWER -measure of quality of life using factors like life expectancy, literacy, access to clean water, income, etc. Gini Index - ANSWER -measure of income inequality referendum - ANSWER -process by which people vote directly on a bill initiative - ANSWER -allowed all citizens to introduce a bill into the legislative and required members to take a vote on it voting system - ANSWER -a legal system for making democratic choices