BURNS' PEDIATRIC PRIMARY CARE ACTUAL
EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ How quickly should BF be initiated? Answer:within 30 mins of birth
◍ There are many illnesses that are less likely to occur if babe is
breastfed, what are these? Answer:gastro, NEC, AOM, LRTIs, asthma,
atopy, DM, SIDS, leukemia
◍ Benefits to mother from BF: Answer:rapid return to non-preg state,
strong bond, decreased br/ovarian Ca, decreased metabolic syndrome,
NIDDM, and PPD
◍ Contraindications of BF Answer:galactosemia, T-cell lymphotrophic
virus, TB, Ca or Ca tmt, HIV, nipple herpes
◍ What is in colostrum Answer:immunoglobulins/antibodies
◍ Colostrum higher or lower fat than milk? Answer:lower
◍ Colostrum facilitates the passage of? Answer:meconium
,◍ What is breastmilk low in? Answer:vit D, iron
◍ At what point in pregnancy is a woman capable of milk production?
Answer:20 wks
◍ What hormone triggers letdown reflex? Answer:oxytocin
◍ What is mammogenesis? Answer:growth and development of the
mammary gland in preparation for milk production
◍ Frequency of feedings of newborn? Answer:8-12 after first 24 hrs
◍ Duration of feedings of newborn? Answer:20-45 mins after first 24
hrs
◍ How long is breastmilk good for in fridge? Answer:8 days
◍ How long if breastmilk good for in cooler? Answer:24 hrs
◍ How long is breastmilk good for in freezer? Answer:3 mos
,◍ Recommendations for breastfeeding toddlers? Answer:after meal, not
on demand, if tandem feed infant first, brush teeth after, tell dentist
breastfeeding
◍ Infant wt loss after birth Answer:5-8% of body wt normal
◍ neonate daily average wt gain Answer:0.5-1 ounce (14-28g)
◍ How long until a babe should be at birth wt? Answer:3 wks
◍ At what age should birth wt be doubled? Answer:5-6 months
◍ At what age should birth wt be tripled? Answer:1 yr
◍ First few days, a neonate should void? Answer:1-3 times
◍ By day 4 the neonate should void? Answer:4-6
◍ Regular urine output of neonate is? Answer:4-6 times per day
◍ Stool output of typical neonate? Answer:2-3
, ◍ Meconium stools should be complete by day? Answer:3
◍ Minimum caloric intake of BF mom? Answer:1800
◍ If mom wondering about ETOH intake what is the amount considered
safe? Answer:<0.5/kg
◍ Malaise, breast tenderness; red, warm lumps/streaking; flu-like sys
(fever, chill, aches) in a breastfeeding mom can indicate?
Answer:mastitis
◍ Mgmt mastitis: Answer:empty breast, frequent nursing, analgesics,
abx if needed, rest, warm showers, increase fluids
◍ Red flag progression of mastitis? Answer:abscess/septicemia
◍ When does elevated bili peak in breast milk jaundice? Answer:occurs
7-10 day and peaks on 10-15th
◍ How much water loss can be life threatening to a child? Answer:10%
◍ What does sodium regulate in the body? Answer:ECF volume,
osmolarity, acid-base balance, membrane potential of cells
EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ How quickly should BF be initiated? Answer:within 30 mins of birth
◍ There are many illnesses that are less likely to occur if babe is
breastfed, what are these? Answer:gastro, NEC, AOM, LRTIs, asthma,
atopy, DM, SIDS, leukemia
◍ Benefits to mother from BF: Answer:rapid return to non-preg state,
strong bond, decreased br/ovarian Ca, decreased metabolic syndrome,
NIDDM, and PPD
◍ Contraindications of BF Answer:galactosemia, T-cell lymphotrophic
virus, TB, Ca or Ca tmt, HIV, nipple herpes
◍ What is in colostrum Answer:immunoglobulins/antibodies
◍ Colostrum higher or lower fat than milk? Answer:lower
◍ Colostrum facilitates the passage of? Answer:meconium
,◍ What is breastmilk low in? Answer:vit D, iron
◍ At what point in pregnancy is a woman capable of milk production?
Answer:20 wks
◍ What hormone triggers letdown reflex? Answer:oxytocin
◍ What is mammogenesis? Answer:growth and development of the
mammary gland in preparation for milk production
◍ Frequency of feedings of newborn? Answer:8-12 after first 24 hrs
◍ Duration of feedings of newborn? Answer:20-45 mins after first 24
hrs
◍ How long is breastmilk good for in fridge? Answer:8 days
◍ How long if breastmilk good for in cooler? Answer:24 hrs
◍ How long is breastmilk good for in freezer? Answer:3 mos
,◍ Recommendations for breastfeeding toddlers? Answer:after meal, not
on demand, if tandem feed infant first, brush teeth after, tell dentist
breastfeeding
◍ Infant wt loss after birth Answer:5-8% of body wt normal
◍ neonate daily average wt gain Answer:0.5-1 ounce (14-28g)
◍ How long until a babe should be at birth wt? Answer:3 wks
◍ At what age should birth wt be doubled? Answer:5-6 months
◍ At what age should birth wt be tripled? Answer:1 yr
◍ First few days, a neonate should void? Answer:1-3 times
◍ By day 4 the neonate should void? Answer:4-6
◍ Regular urine output of neonate is? Answer:4-6 times per day
◍ Stool output of typical neonate? Answer:2-3
, ◍ Meconium stools should be complete by day? Answer:3
◍ Minimum caloric intake of BF mom? Answer:1800
◍ If mom wondering about ETOH intake what is the amount considered
safe? Answer:<0.5/kg
◍ Malaise, breast tenderness; red, warm lumps/streaking; flu-like sys
(fever, chill, aches) in a breastfeeding mom can indicate?
Answer:mastitis
◍ Mgmt mastitis: Answer:empty breast, frequent nursing, analgesics,
abx if needed, rest, warm showers, increase fluids
◍ Red flag progression of mastitis? Answer:abscess/septicemia
◍ When does elevated bili peak in breast milk jaundice? Answer:occurs
7-10 day and peaks on 10-15th
◍ How much water loss can be life threatening to a child? Answer:10%
◍ What does sodium regulate in the body? Answer:ECF volume,
osmolarity, acid-base balance, membrane potential of cells
