BIO 210 GENETICS Exam Study
Guide: 300 Questions and Verified
Answers. Latest 2026 Update
,A nucleotide is made up of what 3 components? - CORRECT ANSWER- phosphate group,
pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a nitrogenous base
What nitrogenous bases are purines - CORRECT ANSWER-Adenine and Guanine
What nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines? - CORRECT ANSWER- cytosine, thymine, uracil
How can you differentiate between purines and pyrimidines? - CORRECT ANSWER-purines
are double-ringed while pyrimidines are single-ringed
What are the differences between DNA and RNA? - CORRECT ANSWER- DNA: double
stranded, has deoxyribose sugar(hydroxyl group at 2' carbon), bases: A, T, G, C
RNA: single stranded, has ribose sugar(one oxygen is removed from the 2' Carbon), bases:
A, U, G, C
Nucleoside vs Nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER-nucleoside: pentose sugar + nitrogenous
base
nucleotide: pentose sugar + nitrogenous base + phosphate group
What type of bonds bind nucleotide chains? - CORRECT ANSWER- Phosphodiester bonds
,What are the 4 requirements for a molecule to be genetic material? - CORRECT ANSWER-1.)
Must contain important info to encode hereditary traits
2.) Must be capable of replication
3.) Must be capable of variation by mutation
4.) Must be able to express information
Where are chromosomes located? - CORRECT ANSWER-cell's nucleus
what is a centrosome? - CORRECT ANSWER-location in the cell that contains centrioles
What are centrioles? - CORRECT ANSWER-microtubules that produce mitotic spindle
fibers, aids in cell division, and make up the cytoskeleton of the cell
How many centrioles are there for every centrosome? - CORRECT ANSWER-2
centrioles/1 centrosome
How many copies of each type of chromosome does each eukaryotic cell typically have? -
CORRECT ANSWER-2 copies
, what are homologous chromosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER-copies of the same type of
DNA
What are non-homologous chromosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER-copies of different
chromosomes with different DNA
What is mitosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-cell division of one cell into 2 exact duplicates
What are the six stages of Mitosis in order? - CORRECT ANSWER- interphase, prophase,
prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis
What happens during mitosis interphase? - CORRECT ANSWER-mitosis stage that the cell
is primarily in
chromosomes are uncondensed, so they are just hanging out in the nucleus
1 centrosome < 2 centrioles
What happens during interphase s-phase? - CORRECT ANSWER- Centrosome replication
( 2 centrosomes < 4 centrioles) occurs and chromosome replication occurs (still
uncondensed)
What happens during mitosis prophase? - CORRECT ANSWER- centrioles move to opposite
ends of the cell using spindle fibers
Guide: 300 Questions and Verified
Answers. Latest 2026 Update
,A nucleotide is made up of what 3 components? - CORRECT ANSWER- phosphate group,
pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a nitrogenous base
What nitrogenous bases are purines - CORRECT ANSWER-Adenine and Guanine
What nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines? - CORRECT ANSWER- cytosine, thymine, uracil
How can you differentiate between purines and pyrimidines? - CORRECT ANSWER-purines
are double-ringed while pyrimidines are single-ringed
What are the differences between DNA and RNA? - CORRECT ANSWER- DNA: double
stranded, has deoxyribose sugar(hydroxyl group at 2' carbon), bases: A, T, G, C
RNA: single stranded, has ribose sugar(one oxygen is removed from the 2' Carbon), bases:
A, U, G, C
Nucleoside vs Nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER-nucleoside: pentose sugar + nitrogenous
base
nucleotide: pentose sugar + nitrogenous base + phosphate group
What type of bonds bind nucleotide chains? - CORRECT ANSWER- Phosphodiester bonds
,What are the 4 requirements for a molecule to be genetic material? - CORRECT ANSWER-1.)
Must contain important info to encode hereditary traits
2.) Must be capable of replication
3.) Must be capable of variation by mutation
4.) Must be able to express information
Where are chromosomes located? - CORRECT ANSWER-cell's nucleus
what is a centrosome? - CORRECT ANSWER-location in the cell that contains centrioles
What are centrioles? - CORRECT ANSWER-microtubules that produce mitotic spindle
fibers, aids in cell division, and make up the cytoskeleton of the cell
How many centrioles are there for every centrosome? - CORRECT ANSWER-2
centrioles/1 centrosome
How many copies of each type of chromosome does each eukaryotic cell typically have? -
CORRECT ANSWER-2 copies
, what are homologous chromosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER-copies of the same type of
DNA
What are non-homologous chromosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER-copies of different
chromosomes with different DNA
What is mitosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-cell division of one cell into 2 exact duplicates
What are the six stages of Mitosis in order? - CORRECT ANSWER- interphase, prophase,
prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis
What happens during mitosis interphase? - CORRECT ANSWER-mitosis stage that the cell
is primarily in
chromosomes are uncondensed, so they are just hanging out in the nucleus
1 centrosome < 2 centrioles
What happens during interphase s-phase? - CORRECT ANSWER- Centrosome replication
( 2 centrosomes < 4 centrioles) occurs and chromosome replication occurs (still
uncondensed)
What happens during mitosis prophase? - CORRECT ANSWER- centrioles move to opposite
ends of the cell using spindle fibers
