PHTLS Study Guide Test Questions
and Answers23
Average EMS response time and time on scene - ANSWERS-*6-8 min en route
*8-10 onscene
4 components of ethics (agreed upon set of moral principles) - ANSWERS-*autonomy
*nonmaleficence
*beneficence
*justice
Criteria for informed consent - ANSWERS-*decision making capacity
*ability to communicate their understanding of the situation
*ability to give consent or refusal voluntarily
*give a refusal or consent to treatment
Difference between POLST and DNR - ANSWERS-*DNR is for resuscitation only.
*POLST if more for general end of life care
How long can heart/brain, kidneys/liver/GI, muscle/bone/skin go without oxygen - ANSWERS-
*heart/brain/lungs-4-6 min
*kidneys/liver/GI-45-90 min
*muscle/skin/bone 4-6 hrs
What does aerobic metabolism use for fuel - ANSWERS-Oxygen
,What does anaerobic metabolism use for fuel - ANSWERS-Stored body fat
Quick formula for MAP - ANSWERS-*DIA + 1/3 sysbp
Vasovagal (psychogenic) shock - ANSWERS-*when vagus nerve stimulated causing bradycardia
and vasodilation
Septic shock pathophysiology - ANSWERS-*cytokines released in response to infection cause
damage to blood vessel walls and leakage of fluids into interstitial space.
Describe how shearing forces work, and common ones seen in mvc - ANSWERS-*One structure
moves faster than the other
*spleen, kidney, small intestine all tear away from points of attachment
*aorta tears away from defending arch which is tied to spine
Paper bag effect - ANSWERS-*results in pneumothorax
*crash victim instinctively takes a breath and holds it right before impact
3 types of blunt injuries - ANSWERS-*cavitation
*compression
*shear
Liver lies more on which side - ANSWERS-Right side
What tears the liver during impact? - ANSWERS-*supported by diagphram and ligamentum
teres which separates the left and right liver. When the liver keeps sliding past the ligementum
teres it cuts it in half like a cheese where on a block of cheese
, What is the formula for kinetic energy - ANSWERS-1/2x momentum x velocity squared
5 types of blast injuries - ANSWERS-*primary-pressure wave
*secondary-projectiles
*tertiary-propulsion of body into another object
*quaternary-heat and flames
*quinary-radiation, chemicals, bacteria
MCI start triage - ANSWERS-*"30-2-can do"
*if respirations are less than 30 (and more than 10), cap refill is less than 2 seconds, and they
are able to follow commands appropriately, they are categorized as yellow
*green gets up and walks to you
*red is failure of any the above 3
Allowable MCI interventions when triaging - ANSWERS-*reposition airway
*control life threatening bleeding
What GCS scores mean minor, moderate, and heavy injury - ANSWERS-*<3 heavy
*<*moderate (need to intubate
*<13 serious
*14-15 minor injuries
Regions/bones of the face - ANSWERS-*frontal
*parietal (sides of head and upper back of head)
*occipital (back lower part of the head)
and Answers23
Average EMS response time and time on scene - ANSWERS-*6-8 min en route
*8-10 onscene
4 components of ethics (agreed upon set of moral principles) - ANSWERS-*autonomy
*nonmaleficence
*beneficence
*justice
Criteria for informed consent - ANSWERS-*decision making capacity
*ability to communicate their understanding of the situation
*ability to give consent or refusal voluntarily
*give a refusal or consent to treatment
Difference between POLST and DNR - ANSWERS-*DNR is for resuscitation only.
*POLST if more for general end of life care
How long can heart/brain, kidneys/liver/GI, muscle/bone/skin go without oxygen - ANSWERS-
*heart/brain/lungs-4-6 min
*kidneys/liver/GI-45-90 min
*muscle/skin/bone 4-6 hrs
What does aerobic metabolism use for fuel - ANSWERS-Oxygen
,What does anaerobic metabolism use for fuel - ANSWERS-Stored body fat
Quick formula for MAP - ANSWERS-*DIA + 1/3 sysbp
Vasovagal (psychogenic) shock - ANSWERS-*when vagus nerve stimulated causing bradycardia
and vasodilation
Septic shock pathophysiology - ANSWERS-*cytokines released in response to infection cause
damage to blood vessel walls and leakage of fluids into interstitial space.
Describe how shearing forces work, and common ones seen in mvc - ANSWERS-*One structure
moves faster than the other
*spleen, kidney, small intestine all tear away from points of attachment
*aorta tears away from defending arch which is tied to spine
Paper bag effect - ANSWERS-*results in pneumothorax
*crash victim instinctively takes a breath and holds it right before impact
3 types of blunt injuries - ANSWERS-*cavitation
*compression
*shear
Liver lies more on which side - ANSWERS-Right side
What tears the liver during impact? - ANSWERS-*supported by diagphram and ligamentum
teres which separates the left and right liver. When the liver keeps sliding past the ligementum
teres it cuts it in half like a cheese where on a block of cheese
, What is the formula for kinetic energy - ANSWERS-1/2x momentum x velocity squared
5 types of blast injuries - ANSWERS-*primary-pressure wave
*secondary-projectiles
*tertiary-propulsion of body into another object
*quaternary-heat and flames
*quinary-radiation, chemicals, bacteria
MCI start triage - ANSWERS-*"30-2-can do"
*if respirations are less than 30 (and more than 10), cap refill is less than 2 seconds, and they
are able to follow commands appropriately, they are categorized as yellow
*green gets up and walks to you
*red is failure of any the above 3
Allowable MCI interventions when triaging - ANSWERS-*reposition airway
*control life threatening bleeding
What GCS scores mean minor, moderate, and heavy injury - ANSWERS-*<3 heavy
*<*moderate (need to intubate
*<13 serious
*14-15 minor injuries
Regions/bones of the face - ANSWERS-*frontal
*parietal (sides of head and upper back of head)
*occipital (back lower part of the head)
