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HiS 120 Final Exam Questions with Correct
Answers | Updated (100% Correct Answers)
Columbian Exchange Answer: Exchange of plants, animals, diseases,
peoples, and ideas between Old and New Worlds after 1492;
reshaped diets and caused major Indigenous population decline.
Mercantilism Answer: Economic theory that wealth is finite; colonies
exist to enrich mother country through controlled trade and
resource extraction.
Casta System Answer: Racial hierarchy in Spanish America
categorizing people by ancestry to maintain colonial control.
Casta Paintings Answer: 18th-century Mexican artworks depicting
mixed-race families; visual propaganda reinforcing racial hierarchy.
Encomienda System Answer: Spanish colonial labor system forcing
Indigenous people to work for settlers in exchange for "protection"
and Christianization.
Race as a Category of Analysis Answer: Understanding race as a
social and political construction used to justify inequality, not
biological fact.
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Answer: 17th-century Mexican nun,
scholar, and feminist writer advocating women's education.
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2
"Response of the Poet to the Very Eminent So Filotea de la Cruz"
Answer: Sor Juana's defense of women's intellectual rights,
criticizing patriarchal restrictions.
British Empire Answer: Expansive global empire driven by maritime
trade, colonization, and industrial power.
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Answer: Forced transport of 12-13 million
Africans to the Americas; foundation of plantation economies.
Sugar Answer: Key plantation crop requiring enslaved labor; most
profitable and brutal industry of the Caribbean.
Barbados Answer: Early English sugar colony; model for harsh
plantation regimes.
"Buying Slaves at Whydah" Answer: Account showing
commodification of enslaved Africans and violence of slave markets.
"Brutality of Sugar Plantations" Answer: Primary source revealing
extreme labor conditions, punishment, and short lifespan of
enslaved field workers.
Enlightenment Answer: Intellectual movement promoting reason,
natural rights, and critique of absolute monarchy.
Mechanical Philosophy Answer: View of the universe as governed
by natural laws like a machine; undermined religious absolutism.
© 2025 All rights reserved
HiS 120 Final Exam Questions with Correct
Answers | Updated (100% Correct Answers)
Columbian Exchange Answer: Exchange of plants, animals, diseases,
peoples, and ideas between Old and New Worlds after 1492;
reshaped diets and caused major Indigenous population decline.
Mercantilism Answer: Economic theory that wealth is finite; colonies
exist to enrich mother country through controlled trade and
resource extraction.
Casta System Answer: Racial hierarchy in Spanish America
categorizing people by ancestry to maintain colonial control.
Casta Paintings Answer: 18th-century Mexican artworks depicting
mixed-race families; visual propaganda reinforcing racial hierarchy.
Encomienda System Answer: Spanish colonial labor system forcing
Indigenous people to work for settlers in exchange for "protection"
and Christianization.
Race as a Category of Analysis Answer: Understanding race as a
social and political construction used to justify inequality, not
biological fact.
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Answer: 17th-century Mexican nun,
scholar, and feminist writer advocating women's education.
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2
"Response of the Poet to the Very Eminent So Filotea de la Cruz"
Answer: Sor Juana's defense of women's intellectual rights,
criticizing patriarchal restrictions.
British Empire Answer: Expansive global empire driven by maritime
trade, colonization, and industrial power.
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Answer: Forced transport of 12-13 million
Africans to the Americas; foundation of plantation economies.
Sugar Answer: Key plantation crop requiring enslaved labor; most
profitable and brutal industry of the Caribbean.
Barbados Answer: Early English sugar colony; model for harsh
plantation regimes.
"Buying Slaves at Whydah" Answer: Account showing
commodification of enslaved Africans and violence of slave markets.
"Brutality of Sugar Plantations" Answer: Primary source revealing
extreme labor conditions, punishment, and short lifespan of
enslaved field workers.
Enlightenment Answer: Intellectual movement promoting reason,
natural rights, and critique of absolute monarchy.
Mechanical Philosophy Answer: View of the universe as governed
by natural laws like a machine; undermined religious absolutism.
© 2025 All rights reserved
