Patho Exam 4 - UT Tyler Questions With
Complete Solutions
which kind of pain is caused by injury or malfunction of the nerves? - Answer-
neuropathic
t/f: pain can occur with or without stimulation - Answer-true
what are pain receptors called? - Answer-nociceptors
which source of pain involves the skin? - Answer-cutaneous
what are the most common sites for strains? - Answer-lower back and hamstring
due to muscle overuse
any disruption complete or incomplete in the continuity of a bone - Answer-
fracture
,fracture where the bone protrudes outside of the body - Answer-open/compound
fracture where bone fragments separate completely, are not displaced and
remain beneath the overlying tissue - Answer-closed (complete)
what is considered the most serious fracture? - Answer-open/compound
risk factors:
- lacerating an artery/vein
- hemorrhage
- soft tissue injury
- infection - Answer-open/compound fracture
surgical repair of a fracture? - Answer-open reduction internal fixation (ORIF)
fracture where fragments remain partially joined - Answer-incomplete fracture
fracture characterized as crossing of cancellous bone - Answer-compression
fracture
fracture characterized as bone damage from repetitive activity - Answer-stress
fracture
solid, dense bone - Answer-cortical
,non-solid bone with inner meshwork making it porous; also called cancellous -
Answer-trabecular
where are compression fractures most commonly seen? - Answer-vertebral
column
where are stress fractures most common? - Answer-foot, hands, hips, bones that
are used the most
fracture where bone is separated but close - Answer-transverse
more than one fracture line with shattered/crushed bone - Answer-comminuted
incomplete break but bone is intact - Answer-greenstick
separation of a small part of bone at site of attachment of ligament or tendon -
Answer-avulsion
what prevents fatty emboli associated with long bone fractures? - Answer-early
stabilization
what are 2 goals in. the treatment of fractures? - Answer-reduction: alignment of
bone and immobilization: prevents further tissue damage
what constitutes a closed reduction? - Answer-external fixation devices used
outside the body for realignment
, what does RICE stand for? - Answer-rest, ice, compression, elevation
what is the first step in the bone healing process? - Answer-hematoma develops
and the inflammatory response is triggered
what is the second step in the bone healing process? - Answer-granulation tissue
that is composed of new connective tissue and blood vessels forms
what is the third step in the bone healing process? - Answer-a callus forms and
replaces the hematoma with new mineralized bone
what is the fourth step in the bone healing process? - Answer-the mesh-like callus
is replaced with sheets of mineralized bone (lamellae) that is stronger
what is the fifth step in the bone healing process? - Answer-remodeling occurs
and adequate strength is restored
which complication of fracture is described as fat globules from bone marrow
entering circulation? - Answer-fat embolism
which bone fracture are fat emboli most common after? - Answer-pelvic and long
bone fractures
what complication of bone fractures can happen due to venous injury causing
stasis of blood? - Answer-DVT or pulmonary embolism (PE)
Complete Solutions
which kind of pain is caused by injury or malfunction of the nerves? - Answer-
neuropathic
t/f: pain can occur with or without stimulation - Answer-true
what are pain receptors called? - Answer-nociceptors
which source of pain involves the skin? - Answer-cutaneous
what are the most common sites for strains? - Answer-lower back and hamstring
due to muscle overuse
any disruption complete or incomplete in the continuity of a bone - Answer-
fracture
,fracture where the bone protrudes outside of the body - Answer-open/compound
fracture where bone fragments separate completely, are not displaced and
remain beneath the overlying tissue - Answer-closed (complete)
what is considered the most serious fracture? - Answer-open/compound
risk factors:
- lacerating an artery/vein
- hemorrhage
- soft tissue injury
- infection - Answer-open/compound fracture
surgical repair of a fracture? - Answer-open reduction internal fixation (ORIF)
fracture where fragments remain partially joined - Answer-incomplete fracture
fracture characterized as crossing of cancellous bone - Answer-compression
fracture
fracture characterized as bone damage from repetitive activity - Answer-stress
fracture
solid, dense bone - Answer-cortical
,non-solid bone with inner meshwork making it porous; also called cancellous -
Answer-trabecular
where are compression fractures most commonly seen? - Answer-vertebral
column
where are stress fractures most common? - Answer-foot, hands, hips, bones that
are used the most
fracture where bone is separated but close - Answer-transverse
more than one fracture line with shattered/crushed bone - Answer-comminuted
incomplete break but bone is intact - Answer-greenstick
separation of a small part of bone at site of attachment of ligament or tendon -
Answer-avulsion
what prevents fatty emboli associated with long bone fractures? - Answer-early
stabilization
what are 2 goals in. the treatment of fractures? - Answer-reduction: alignment of
bone and immobilization: prevents further tissue damage
what constitutes a closed reduction? - Answer-external fixation devices used
outside the body for realignment
, what does RICE stand for? - Answer-rest, ice, compression, elevation
what is the first step in the bone healing process? - Answer-hematoma develops
and the inflammatory response is triggered
what is the second step in the bone healing process? - Answer-granulation tissue
that is composed of new connective tissue and blood vessels forms
what is the third step in the bone healing process? - Answer-a callus forms and
replaces the hematoma with new mineralized bone
what is the fourth step in the bone healing process? - Answer-the mesh-like callus
is replaced with sheets of mineralized bone (lamellae) that is stronger
what is the fifth step in the bone healing process? - Answer-remodeling occurs
and adequate strength is restored
which complication of fracture is described as fat globules from bone marrow
entering circulation? - Answer-fat embolism
which bone fracture are fat emboli most common after? - Answer-pelvic and long
bone fractures
what complication of bone fractures can happen due to venous injury causing
stasis of blood? - Answer-DVT or pulmonary embolism (PE)
