Dynamic Meteorology Exam 2 with correct answers 100% 2026/2027

Dynamic Meteorology Exam 2 with correct answers 100% 2026/2027 Adiabatic - Correct Answer a type of thermodynamic process that occurs WITHOUT transferring heat or mass between the thermodynamic system and its environment. Entropy (s) - Correct Answer a thermodynamic quantity representing the unavailability of a system's thermal energy to be converted into mechanical work. Dry adiabatic Lapse rate - Correct Answer rate at which temperature decreases with height for a dry (unsaturated) air parcel that rises adiabatically. Specific Heat of air at constant pressure (Cp) - Correct Answer the ratio of energy absorbed by a system to the corresponding temperature rise per unit mass, for a process at a constant pressure. Equivalent Temperature (Te) - Correct Answer the temperature that an air parcel would have if lifted until all water vapor is condensed and allowed to escape as liquid, then lowered to its ORIGINAL PRESSURE level dry adiabatically. Mixing ratio (w) - Correct Answer a measure of humidity defined as the mass of water vapor in the air divided by the mass of dry air. Specific humidity (q) - Correct Answer the mass of water vapor present in a unit mass of air, expressed typically in grams of water vapor per kilogram of air. Relative humidity (RH) - Correct Answer a measure of how much water vapor is in the air compared to the maximum amount of water vapor that can exist in the air at current temperature. (Mechanical) Work - Correct Answer a measure of energy transfer from an object by the application of a force causing DISPLACEMENT. Potential Temperature (theta) - Correct Answer The temperature of a dry (unsaturated) air parcel if brought to the 1,000 hPa level of the atmosphere. Reversible process (ds=0) - Correct Answer when a system undergoes a thermodynamic process and both it and the surrounding environment return to their original state when the process is reversed. Irreversible process (ds0) - Correct Answer the system (e.g., air parcel) may or may not be restored to its original state, but the surroundings undergo a change. Isentropic - Correct Answer a thermodynamic process where the entropy of a system remains constant (theta is constant, ds=0) Isentropic analysis - Correct Answer constant potential temperature surface Isentropic surface - Correct Answer vertical atmosphere level for which theta (potential temperature) is constant. Inversion - Correct Answer temperature increases with height, this arises due to large scale subsidence; layer is compressed as it sinks, and therefore warms adiabatically. Saturation - Correct Answer condition of atmosphere in which the water vapor content is equal to the capacity for water vapor at the given air temperature. Latent heat of vaporization - Correct Answer total heat required to convert a unit mass of a substance (water) from liquid to vapor while keeping pressure and temperature constant. Dew point temperature (Td) - Correct Answer the temperature to which the air must be cooled for saturation to occur.