Med Surg III - Midterm Questions and Verified
Answers
Digoxin - therapeutic effect with the lungs Correct Answer: Improves contractility of the heart
Decreases signs and symptoms of HF
Lessens dyspnea and orthopnea
Decreases crackles on auscultation
Nitroglycerin ( sodium nitroprusside) Correct Answer: Treatment for angina pectoris
Peripheral vasodilation by relaxation of smooth muscle.
Fast Acting
Only used in *hypertensive emergencies*
Beta-adrenergics Correct Answer: Albuterol , Proventil
Medication of choice for relief of acute symptoms and prevention of exercise induced asthma.
Relaxes Smooth muscle, decreasing bronchostriction
May cause tachycardia, muscle tremors
Corticosteroids Correct Answer: For moderate or severe exacerbations to prevent progression of
exacerbation, reverse inflammation, speed recovery, and reduce rate of relapse.
Blocks reaction to allergen and reduce hyper responsiveness.
Acute Sinusitis Correct Answer: aka rhinosinusitis - acute is considered less than 4 weeks;can be bacterial
or viral
thick mucous occludes the nasal cavity; prevents drainage
, treated with antibiotics(for bacterial) or nasal lavage
Venous vs. Arterial Insufficiency Correct Answer: see other quizlet
Nasal Bleed/Trauma Correct Answer: aka epistaxis - Hemorrhage from the nose
Most common site: anterior septum
Treatment: adrenaline, phenylephrine. Packing of nasal cavity or balloon catheter. Air humidification.
Monitor airway, breathing. If bleeding does not stop in 15 minutes, seek medical attention
Heart Failure - risk factors Correct Answer: CAD, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, or valvular disease.
Diabetes mellitus,
Atherosclerosis is the main cause
Renal failure, acidosis, electrolyte abnormalities, and antiarrythmic meds can also worsen myocardial
function.
• Tonsillectomy - pg 529 risks afterwards - Correct Answer: significant risk of hemorrhage
pain difficulty breathing - anxiety and restlessness
Vomiting brown or bright red blood- if pulse or temp rate rises, notify MD
Rhinosinusitis - what to do to prevent it Correct Answer: Begin decongestants at the first sign of sinusitis
for patients with recurrent sinusitis to promote drainage.
How do you promote drainage of sinusitis? Correct Answer: promote fluids
Valve Replacements Correct Answer: used when valvuloplasty is not an option. Uses mechanical or
tissues valves
autografts - self
Homografts(allografts - human valves
Xenografts(hetero)-pig or cow valves
• Pneumothorax symptoms Correct Answer: *The AIR SPACE IS AFFECTED*
Answers
Digoxin - therapeutic effect with the lungs Correct Answer: Improves contractility of the heart
Decreases signs and symptoms of HF
Lessens dyspnea and orthopnea
Decreases crackles on auscultation
Nitroglycerin ( sodium nitroprusside) Correct Answer: Treatment for angina pectoris
Peripheral vasodilation by relaxation of smooth muscle.
Fast Acting
Only used in *hypertensive emergencies*
Beta-adrenergics Correct Answer: Albuterol , Proventil
Medication of choice for relief of acute symptoms and prevention of exercise induced asthma.
Relaxes Smooth muscle, decreasing bronchostriction
May cause tachycardia, muscle tremors
Corticosteroids Correct Answer: For moderate or severe exacerbations to prevent progression of
exacerbation, reverse inflammation, speed recovery, and reduce rate of relapse.
Blocks reaction to allergen and reduce hyper responsiveness.
Acute Sinusitis Correct Answer: aka rhinosinusitis - acute is considered less than 4 weeks;can be bacterial
or viral
thick mucous occludes the nasal cavity; prevents drainage
, treated with antibiotics(for bacterial) or nasal lavage
Venous vs. Arterial Insufficiency Correct Answer: see other quizlet
Nasal Bleed/Trauma Correct Answer: aka epistaxis - Hemorrhage from the nose
Most common site: anterior septum
Treatment: adrenaline, phenylephrine. Packing of nasal cavity or balloon catheter. Air humidification.
Monitor airway, breathing. If bleeding does not stop in 15 minutes, seek medical attention
Heart Failure - risk factors Correct Answer: CAD, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, or valvular disease.
Diabetes mellitus,
Atherosclerosis is the main cause
Renal failure, acidosis, electrolyte abnormalities, and antiarrythmic meds can also worsen myocardial
function.
• Tonsillectomy - pg 529 risks afterwards - Correct Answer: significant risk of hemorrhage
pain difficulty breathing - anxiety and restlessness
Vomiting brown or bright red blood- if pulse or temp rate rises, notify MD
Rhinosinusitis - what to do to prevent it Correct Answer: Begin decongestants at the first sign of sinusitis
for patients with recurrent sinusitis to promote drainage.
How do you promote drainage of sinusitis? Correct Answer: promote fluids
Valve Replacements Correct Answer: used when valvuloplasty is not an option. Uses mechanical or
tissues valves
autografts - self
Homografts(allografts - human valves
Xenografts(hetero)-pig or cow valves
• Pneumothorax symptoms Correct Answer: *The AIR SPACE IS AFFECTED*
