BIO 220 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE GCU QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Factors that limit population size - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅disease, war, famine, migration, high infant
mortality, cultural factors (late marriage) etc.
Carrying Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅number of organisms in a given species that can be
supported indefinitely
Malthus - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Wrote "An Essay on the Principle of Population" 1798
-predicts population (exponential growth) will outgrow food supply (steady growth)--environmental
degradation
Demography - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-The scientific study of population ecology to the study of humans
-Vital statistics: population size, structure, sex, age, BR, DR, migration
Crude Birth Rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅number of births per year for every 1,000 people
Crude Death Rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people
Marx - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Argues population growth results from poverty and resource depletion
Zero Population Growth - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅occurs when birth rate and death rate are equal/stable
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅estimated average number of children a woman
produces in her child bearing years
Replacement Fertility Rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅number of offspring a couple produces to replace
themselves
, Natural Growth Rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the difference between the crude birthrate and crude
death rate (BR - DR)
Factors that affect life expectancy. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-age
-healthcare/technology
-nutritious food
-better sanitation
-awareness/availability of resources (health care)
Dependency Ratio - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-number of non-working compared to working individuals in
a population
-US concern: not enough incoming working class to replace retired
Poverty & Population Growth factors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-higher poverty levels equate to higher
population growth
-economic development allows for population control (education in family planning & access to
resources)
Empowering women - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-education plays vital role in giving women the power to
make decisions regarding their lives and reproductive behavior.
-women make up 70% of poor and 64% of illiterate individuals in world population
Demographic Transition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-model of economic and cultural change to explain
decline BR & DR in industrializing nations
-need for large families lessens with mortality
-focus is on quality of life
Less developed countries (LDC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-80% of world population
-account for 90% of projected growth (high birthrate)
-young, poor and rapidly growing
ANSWERS
Factors that limit population size - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅disease, war, famine, migration, high infant
mortality, cultural factors (late marriage) etc.
Carrying Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅number of organisms in a given species that can be
supported indefinitely
Malthus - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Wrote "An Essay on the Principle of Population" 1798
-predicts population (exponential growth) will outgrow food supply (steady growth)--environmental
degradation
Demography - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-The scientific study of population ecology to the study of humans
-Vital statistics: population size, structure, sex, age, BR, DR, migration
Crude Birth Rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅number of births per year for every 1,000 people
Crude Death Rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people
Marx - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Argues population growth results from poverty and resource depletion
Zero Population Growth - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅occurs when birth rate and death rate are equal/stable
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅estimated average number of children a woman
produces in her child bearing years
Replacement Fertility Rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅number of offspring a couple produces to replace
themselves
, Natural Growth Rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the difference between the crude birthrate and crude
death rate (BR - DR)
Factors that affect life expectancy. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-age
-healthcare/technology
-nutritious food
-better sanitation
-awareness/availability of resources (health care)
Dependency Ratio - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-number of non-working compared to working individuals in
a population
-US concern: not enough incoming working class to replace retired
Poverty & Population Growth factors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-higher poverty levels equate to higher
population growth
-economic development allows for population control (education in family planning & access to
resources)
Empowering women - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-education plays vital role in giving women the power to
make decisions regarding their lives and reproductive behavior.
-women make up 70% of poor and 64% of illiterate individuals in world population
Demographic Transition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-model of economic and cultural change to explain
decline BR & DR in industrializing nations
-need for large families lessens with mortality
-focus is on quality of life
Less developed countries (LDC) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-80% of world population
-account for 90% of projected growth (high birthrate)
-young, poor and rapidly growing
