NUR 325 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
generic name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅not capitalized, less expensive
brand name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅commercial name, capitalized
what are the different types of oral medications? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liquid, tablet, capsule,
powder
which form absorbs the fastest? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liquid
which form absorbs the slowest? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅enteric coated tablet
what are the 3 ways a drug can be delivered parenterally? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅intravenously,
subcutaneously, intramuscularly
which parenteral drug is fastest? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅IV
pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅movement of drugs from site of administration to various
tissues
1st pass effect - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅some of the drugs when passed though the liver may deactivate
—> reduces effect of drugs
bioavailability - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅amount of oral drug after passing through the liver
parenteral drugs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅does not get affected by 1st pass effect because it goes
directly to the vein or tissue
what factors affect distribution to different parts of the body? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-movement of
drug by circulatory system to intended site of action
, -drugs enter the blood after they absorb through intestinal wall or alveoli in lungs or after direct/indirect
injection
-liver, heart, kidneys receive most of drugs because of their rich drug supply
-bones or areas with natural barrier (brain) won't receive as much of the drug
Metabolism (biotransformation) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The biochemical alteration of a drug into an
inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound, a more potent active metabolite, or a less active
metabolite
biotransformation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅when a drug is chemically altered during metabolism
Where does metabolism take place? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver
half life - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅time it takes for a drug that enters the body to decrease in half
onset - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response
peak - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response
duration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅time the drug lasts without additional doses
peak level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The maximum concentration of a drug in the body after
administration, usually measured in a blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring.
trough level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The lowest concentration of drug reached in the body after it falls
from its peak level, usually measured in a blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring.
Why is peak & trough important? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅must maintain at a therapeutic level in the
blood in order to be effective
generic name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅not capitalized, less expensive
brand name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅commercial name, capitalized
what are the different types of oral medications? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liquid, tablet, capsule,
powder
which form absorbs the fastest? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liquid
which form absorbs the slowest? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅enteric coated tablet
what are the 3 ways a drug can be delivered parenterally? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅intravenously,
subcutaneously, intramuscularly
which parenteral drug is fastest? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅IV
pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅movement of drugs from site of administration to various
tissues
1st pass effect - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅some of the drugs when passed though the liver may deactivate
—> reduces effect of drugs
bioavailability - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅amount of oral drug after passing through the liver
parenteral drugs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅does not get affected by 1st pass effect because it goes
directly to the vein or tissue
what factors affect distribution to different parts of the body? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-movement of
drug by circulatory system to intended site of action
, -drugs enter the blood after they absorb through intestinal wall or alveoli in lungs or after direct/indirect
injection
-liver, heart, kidneys receive most of drugs because of their rich drug supply
-bones or areas with natural barrier (brain) won't receive as much of the drug
Metabolism (biotransformation) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The biochemical alteration of a drug into an
inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound, a more potent active metabolite, or a less active
metabolite
biotransformation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅when a drug is chemically altered during metabolism
Where does metabolism take place? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver
half life - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅time it takes for a drug that enters the body to decrease in half
onset - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response
peak - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response
duration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅time the drug lasts without additional doses
peak level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The maximum concentration of a drug in the body after
administration, usually measured in a blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring.
trough level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The lowest concentration of drug reached in the body after it falls
from its peak level, usually measured in a blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring.
Why is peak & trough important? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅must maintain at a therapeutic level in the
blood in order to be effective
