MSRAh 7 QUESTIONh 7 PRACTICEh 7 KNOWLEDG
E
1. diagnosis of diabetes: - h7 h7 h7
HbA1c of greater than or equal to 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) is diagnostic of diabetes mellitus. If t
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
he patient is asymptomatic; the test needs repeating
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
if patient is symptomatic
h7 h7 h7
- fastingh7glucoseh7>7.0h7mmol/l
- randomh7glucoseh7>11.1h7mmol/lh7(orh7afterh775gh7oralh7glucoseh7toleranceh7test)
2. impaired fasting glucose (IFG): fasting glucose of 6.1-
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
7.0 mmol/l implies impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
3. impaired glucose tolerance: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is defined as fasting plas
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
ma glucose h7
<7.0 mmol/l and OGTT 2-hour value 7.9-11.1 mmol/l
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
4. prediabetes HbA1c level: 42-47 OR 6-6.4% h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
5. Bell's palsy?: acute, unilateral, idiopathic, facial nerve paralysis; common in 20-
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
40yrs, pregnancy. Thought to be associated with herpes simplex. Treatment with steroids and acyclo
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
h7
h7
, MSRAh 7 QUESTIONh 7 PRACTICEh 7 KNOWLEDG
E
vir.
6. A 3-year-h7
old child is brought to surgery as her mother has noticed that she
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
h7 is 'cross-
h7
eyed'. The corneal light reflection test confirms this. What is th
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
e
most appropriate management? Next best step?: refer children with a squint immed
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
iately to ophthalmology h7 h7
squint: eyes that look in ditterent directions
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
note: corneal light reflex tests for ocular alignment by reflecting your flashlight ott the pupils. Hold it two fe
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
et away and look for pinpoint white reflection; this should be in the exact location in both the pupils.
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
7. first line management for a patient with BPH: Alpha-
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
1 antagonists e.g. tamsulosin are first
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
line followed by 5-alpha reductase inhibitor e.g. finasteride. Elective TURP if still symptomatic.
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
h7
h7
E
1. diagnosis of diabetes: - h7 h7 h7
HbA1c of greater than or equal to 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) is diagnostic of diabetes mellitus. If t
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
he patient is asymptomatic; the test needs repeating
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
if patient is symptomatic
h7 h7 h7
- fastingh7glucoseh7>7.0h7mmol/l
- randomh7glucoseh7>11.1h7mmol/lh7(orh7afterh775gh7oralh7glucoseh7toleranceh7test)
2. impaired fasting glucose (IFG): fasting glucose of 6.1-
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
7.0 mmol/l implies impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
3. impaired glucose tolerance: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is defined as fasting plas
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
ma glucose h7
<7.0 mmol/l and OGTT 2-hour value 7.9-11.1 mmol/l
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
4. prediabetes HbA1c level: 42-47 OR 6-6.4% h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
5. Bell's palsy?: acute, unilateral, idiopathic, facial nerve paralysis; common in 20-
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
40yrs, pregnancy. Thought to be associated with herpes simplex. Treatment with steroids and acyclo
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
h7
h7
, MSRAh 7 QUESTIONh 7 PRACTICEh 7 KNOWLEDG
E
vir.
6. A 3-year-h7
old child is brought to surgery as her mother has noticed that she
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
h7 is 'cross-
h7
eyed'. The corneal light reflection test confirms this. What is th
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
e
most appropriate management? Next best step?: refer children with a squint immed
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
iately to ophthalmology h7 h7
squint: eyes that look in ditterent directions
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
note: corneal light reflex tests for ocular alignment by reflecting your flashlight ott the pupils. Hold it two fe
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
et away and look for pinpoint white reflection; this should be in the exact location in both the pupils.
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
7. first line management for a patient with BPH: Alpha-
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
1 antagonists e.g. tamsulosin are first
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
line followed by 5-alpha reductase inhibitor e.g. finasteride. Elective TURP if still symptomatic.
h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7 h7
h7
h7
