NCSU ENT 201 EXAM 2 TEST PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Glaister Equation. Answer: PMI(h) = 36.9॰C-rectal temp/1.2
⩥ Families of Stinging Hymenoptera. Answer: Apidae (bees)
Vespidae (wasps, yellow jackets, hornets)
Formicidae (fire ants)
⩥ Where we get DNA and what it can be used for. Answer: Bodily
fluids, hair, insect gut, etc.
White blood cells have a nucleus and contain DNA, unlike the rest of
human blood.
Mitochondrial dna survives longer.
DNA can be: Low quantity, Low quality (degraded)
Mixtures: (like in sexual assaults you'd see both people's dna),
Precious/limiting (Appropriate processing so as not to exhaust the entire
sample)
DNA can be used for species identification, individualization with DNA
barcoding and stuff, etc.
, ⩥ Cast Off Patterns. Answer: Blood flung off from an object in motion.
The first blow draws blood. The subsequent blows create the pattern.
Bloody drops will usually be linear in this pattern.
The number of blows can be counted as N+1 (number of blows plus the
first blow that had not yet bloodied the object)
⩥ Drip Pattern. Answer: A bloodstain pattern that results from blood
dripping into blood
Type of surface impacts the amount, size, and appearance of the
resulting pattern.
The directionality of drips can be told. A 90 degree angle would result in
a perfect circle. The tail of a drip points in the direction of travel. The
angle can be calculated from this, but just know steeper=more round.
⩥ Impact Pattern. Answer: Bloodstain pattern created when blood
receives a blow or force resulting in the random dispersion of smaller
drips of blood
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Glaister Equation. Answer: PMI(h) = 36.9॰C-rectal temp/1.2
⩥ Families of Stinging Hymenoptera. Answer: Apidae (bees)
Vespidae (wasps, yellow jackets, hornets)
Formicidae (fire ants)
⩥ Where we get DNA and what it can be used for. Answer: Bodily
fluids, hair, insect gut, etc.
White blood cells have a nucleus and contain DNA, unlike the rest of
human blood.
Mitochondrial dna survives longer.
DNA can be: Low quantity, Low quality (degraded)
Mixtures: (like in sexual assaults you'd see both people's dna),
Precious/limiting (Appropriate processing so as not to exhaust the entire
sample)
DNA can be used for species identification, individualization with DNA
barcoding and stuff, etc.
, ⩥ Cast Off Patterns. Answer: Blood flung off from an object in motion.
The first blow draws blood. The subsequent blows create the pattern.
Bloody drops will usually be linear in this pattern.
The number of blows can be counted as N+1 (number of blows plus the
first blow that had not yet bloodied the object)
⩥ Drip Pattern. Answer: A bloodstain pattern that results from blood
dripping into blood
Type of surface impacts the amount, size, and appearance of the
resulting pattern.
The directionality of drips can be told. A 90 degree angle would result in
a perfect circle. The tail of a drip points in the direction of travel. The
angle can be calculated from this, but just know steeper=more round.
⩥ Impact Pattern. Answer: Bloodstain pattern created when blood
receives a blow or force resulting in the random dispersion of smaller
drips of blood
