WCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 370 FINAL
EXAM PAPER 2026 COMPLETE QUESTION
SET AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
⩥ Mitral stenosis is associated with. Answer: a pressure gradient across
the mitral valve.
⩥ First-degree heart block is characterized by. Answer: prolonged PR
interval.
⩥ Which blood pressure reading is considered to be indicative of
prehypertension according to the JNC-7 criteria?. Answer: 128/82
⩥ Increased preload of the cardiac chambers may lead to which patient
symptom?. Answer: Edema
⩥ Beta-blockers are advocated in the management of heart failure
because they. Answer: reduce cardiac output.
⩥ Hypotension associated with neurogenic and anaphylactic shock is
because of. Answer: peripheral pooling of blood.
,⩥ While hospitalized, an elderly patient with a history of myocardial
infarction was noted to have high levels of low-density lipoproteins
(LDLs). What is the significance of this finding?. Answer: Increased
LDL levels are associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease.
⩥ Hypertension is closely linked to. Answer: obstructive sleep apnea.
⩥ In which stage of shock is a patient who has lost 1200 mL of blood,
who has normal blood pressure when supine, but who experiences
orthostatic hypotension upon standing?. Answer: Class II, Compensated
Stage
⩥ Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic
shock?. Answer: Crystalloids
⩥ Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with
a supine blood pressure (BP) of 110/70 and a heart rate (HR) of 100?.
Answer: Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
⩥ A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is
hyperventilating and is therefore at risk for the respiratory complication
of respiratory acidosis.. Answer: False
A patient diagnosed with cardiogenic shock who is hyperventilating is at
risk for respiratory alkalosis.
,⩥ Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of. Answer: β-
hemolytic streptococcal infection.
⩥ Left-sided heart failure is characterized by. Answer: pulmonary
congestion.
⩥ Atherosclerotic plaques with large lipid cores are prone to. Answer:
rupture.
⩥ A patient who reports dizziness and who has absent P waves, wide
QRS complexes, and a heart rate of 38 beats/minute on an ECG is most
likely in which rhythm?. Answer: Ventricular escape rhythm
⩥ Patients with structural evidence of heart failure who exhibit no signs
or symptoms are classified into which New York Heart Association heart
failure class?. Answer: Class I
⩥ Chronic elevation of myocardial wall tension results in atrophy..
Answer: False
Chronic elevation of myocardial wall tension results in hypertrophy.
⩥ Improvement in a patient with septic shock is indicated by an increase
in. Answer: systemic vascular resistance.
, ⩥ The ingestion of certain drugs, foods, or chemicals can lead to
secondary hypertension.. Answer: True
⩥ In contrast to all other types of shock, the hyperdynamic phase of
septic shock is associated with. Answer: high cardiac output.
⩥ Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states
because they induce production of. Answer: nitric oxide.
⩥ An example of an acyanotic heart defect is. Answer: ventricular septal
defect.
⩥ A type of shock that includes brain trauma that results in depression of
the vasomotor center is cardiogenic.. Answer: False
⩥ An abnormally wide (more than 0.10 second) QRS complex is
characteristic of. Answer: premature ventricular complexes.
⩥ Myocarditis should be suspected in a patient who presents with.
Answer: acute onset of left ventricular dysfunction.
⩥ Low cardiac output in association with high preload is characteristic
of ________ shock.. Answer: cardiogenic
EXAM PAPER 2026 COMPLETE QUESTION
SET AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
⩥ Mitral stenosis is associated with. Answer: a pressure gradient across
the mitral valve.
⩥ First-degree heart block is characterized by. Answer: prolonged PR
interval.
⩥ Which blood pressure reading is considered to be indicative of
prehypertension according to the JNC-7 criteria?. Answer: 128/82
⩥ Increased preload of the cardiac chambers may lead to which patient
symptom?. Answer: Edema
⩥ Beta-blockers are advocated in the management of heart failure
because they. Answer: reduce cardiac output.
⩥ Hypotension associated with neurogenic and anaphylactic shock is
because of. Answer: peripheral pooling of blood.
,⩥ While hospitalized, an elderly patient with a history of myocardial
infarction was noted to have high levels of low-density lipoproteins
(LDLs). What is the significance of this finding?. Answer: Increased
LDL levels are associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease.
⩥ Hypertension is closely linked to. Answer: obstructive sleep apnea.
⩥ In which stage of shock is a patient who has lost 1200 mL of blood,
who has normal blood pressure when supine, but who experiences
orthostatic hypotension upon standing?. Answer: Class II, Compensated
Stage
⩥ Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic
shock?. Answer: Crystalloids
⩥ Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with
a supine blood pressure (BP) of 110/70 and a heart rate (HR) of 100?.
Answer: Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
⩥ A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is
hyperventilating and is therefore at risk for the respiratory complication
of respiratory acidosis.. Answer: False
A patient diagnosed with cardiogenic shock who is hyperventilating is at
risk for respiratory alkalosis.
,⩥ Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of. Answer: β-
hemolytic streptococcal infection.
⩥ Left-sided heart failure is characterized by. Answer: pulmonary
congestion.
⩥ Atherosclerotic plaques with large lipid cores are prone to. Answer:
rupture.
⩥ A patient who reports dizziness and who has absent P waves, wide
QRS complexes, and a heart rate of 38 beats/minute on an ECG is most
likely in which rhythm?. Answer: Ventricular escape rhythm
⩥ Patients with structural evidence of heart failure who exhibit no signs
or symptoms are classified into which New York Heart Association heart
failure class?. Answer: Class I
⩥ Chronic elevation of myocardial wall tension results in atrophy..
Answer: False
Chronic elevation of myocardial wall tension results in hypertrophy.
⩥ Improvement in a patient with septic shock is indicated by an increase
in. Answer: systemic vascular resistance.
, ⩥ The ingestion of certain drugs, foods, or chemicals can lead to
secondary hypertension.. Answer: True
⩥ In contrast to all other types of shock, the hyperdynamic phase of
septic shock is associated with. Answer: high cardiac output.
⩥ Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states
because they induce production of. Answer: nitric oxide.
⩥ An example of an acyanotic heart defect is. Answer: ventricular septal
defect.
⩥ A type of shock that includes brain trauma that results in depression of
the vasomotor center is cardiogenic.. Answer: False
⩥ An abnormally wide (more than 0.10 second) QRS complex is
characteristic of. Answer: premature ventricular complexes.
⩥ Myocarditis should be suspected in a patient who presents with.
Answer: acute onset of left ventricular dysfunction.
⩥ Low cardiac output in association with high preload is characteristic
of ________ shock.. Answer: cardiogenic
