,CHAPTER LIST Chapter 15: Community
Ergonomics and Prevention of Work-
Related Injuries
Chapter 1: Historical and
Philosophical Perspectives of
Chapter 16: Work and Career
Community and Population Health
Transitions
Practice
Chapter 17: Health Professional
Chapter 2: Community and
Well-Being
Population Health Concepts
Chapter 18: Community Mental
Chapter 3: Theoretical
Health Programs
Frameworks for Community-Based
Practice
Chapter 19: Community-Based
Approaches to Substance Use
Chapter 4: Population Health: An
Epidemics
Occupational Perspective
Chapter 20: Addressing the Needs
Chapter 5: Program Planning and
of the Homeless
Needs Assessment
Chapter 21: Community
Chapter 6: Program Design and
Reintegration Services for Military
Implementation
Veterans
Chapter 7: Program Evaluation
Chapter 22: Promoting
Occupational Participation in
Chapter 8: Program Support:
Marginalized Populations
Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and
Business Acumen
Chapter 23: Telehealth
Chapter 9: Early Intervention
Chapter 24: Lifestyle Redesign
Programs
Programs
Chapter 10: From School to
Chapter 25: Occupational Therapy
Community Transition Services
in Primary Health-Care Settings
Chapter 11: Promoting Community
Chapter 26: Disaster
Inclusion and Integration for Youth
Preparedness, Response, and
Recovery
Chapter 12: Aging in Place and
Home Modifications
Chapter 27: Violence Prevention
and Mitigation
Chapter 13: Driving and
Community Mobility
Chapter 28: Future Directions in
Community-Based and Population
Chapter 14: Low Vision Services in
Health Practice
the Community
,Chapter 1: Historical and Philosophical
Perspectives of Community and Population Health
Practice
(Occupational Therapy in Community and Population Health Practice, 3rd ed. )
Question 1
An occupational therapist is developing a community reintegration program for
individuals with physical disabilities following hospital discharge. Rather than
focusing on remediation of impairments, the program prioritizes access to
transportation, vocational roles, and social participation. Which historical shift in
occupational therapy practice most directly supports this approach?
A. Adoption of the biomedical model during World War II
B. Expansion of institutional rehabilitation services
C. Re-emergence of OT’s social reform and moral treatment roots
D. Emphasis on evidence-based impairment remediation
Answer: C
Rationale:
Early OT was grounded in social reform and moral treatment philosophies that
emphasized participation, meaningful occupation, and societal inclusion.
Community-based reintegration programs reflect this historical commitment,
which re-emerged as OT moved beyond hospital-centered biomedical models
toward population and participation-focused practice.
,Key words: Social reform, participation, moral treatment, community
reintegration
Question 2
A public health department partners with occupational therapists to address
rising disability-related unemployment in a marginalized urban area. Which
philosophical principle from OT’s historical foundations best justifies this
population-level intervention?
A. Reduction of pathology through standardized treatment
B. Occupational justice and the right to participation
C. Professional neutrality in social issues
D. Restoration of physical function as the primary outcome
Answer: B
Rationale:
Occupational justice emphasizes equitable access to meaningful occupations.
Historically, OT has addressed social inequities affecting participation.
Addressing unemployment at a population level aligns with this justice-oriented
philosophy rather than a narrow focus on impairment or neutrality.
Key words: Occupational justice, equity, population intervention, work
participation
Question 3
,An OT student argues that community-based practice represents a “new
direction” for the profession. Based on Chapter 1, which response best reflects
OT’s historical reality?
A. Community practice emerged only after deinstitutionalization
B. Community-based practice contradicts OT’s original medical roots
C. OT has always addressed societal participation, though emphasis has
fluctuated
D. OT historically avoided population-level health concerns
Answer: C
Rationale:
OT originated in community and social reform movements. While hospital-based
practice later dominated, community engagement and population-level
participation were never absent from OT’s philosophical core.
Key words: Historical continuity, community roots, participation, profession
identity
Question 4
Following a natural disaster, an OT is asked to assist a displaced population.
Rather than focusing on individual trauma treatment, the therapist prioritizes
restoring daily routines and community roles. Which historical influence most
strongly informs this decision?
A. Medical rehabilitation traditions
B. Behavioral psychology frameworks
C. Public health and social reform movements
D. Neuroscientific models of recovery
,Answer: C
Rationale:
Public health and social reform emphasized restoring social roles, routines, and
collective well-being. OT’s historical alignment with these movements supports
population-level intervention following societal disruptions.
Key words: Disaster recovery, public health, routines, community roles
Question 5
An OT critiques a purely biomedical disaster response model, arguing it fails to
address long-term participation. This critique reflects which philosophical stance
emphasized in Chapter 1?
A. Pathology-centered care
B. Occupational imbalance theory
C. Holistic and occupation-centered philosophy
D. Reductionist health models
Answer: C
Rationale:
OT’s philosophy has historically rejected reductionism, emphasizing holistic
engagement in meaningful occupation. Addressing participation beyond
immediate pathology aligns with this long-standing philosophical stance.
Key words: Holistic care, occupation-centered practice, participation
Question 6
, Which scenario best illustrates OT’s historical transition from institution-based
care to community and population health practice?
A. Providing splinting services in outpatient clinics
B. Designing community policies for accessible housing
C. Conducting standardized assessments in hospitals
D. Delivering one-on-one therapy sessions
Answer: B
Rationale:
Policy design for accessible housing represents population-level intervention
addressing environmental determinants of participation — a hallmark of
community and population health practice rooted in OT’s evolution.
Key words: Accessibility, policy, environment, population health
Question 7
A rehabilitation hospital prioritizes rapid discharge metrics over long-term
community participation outcomes. Based on OT’s philosophical history, what is
the most appropriate OT response?
A. Accept the metrics as necessary for efficiency
B. Focus solely on measurable physical outcomes
C. Advocate for inclusion of participation-based outcomes
D. Withdraw from the discharge planning process
Answer: C
Rationale:
OT’s philosophical roots emphasize participation and life engagement.
Ergonomics and Prevention of Work-
Related Injuries
Chapter 1: Historical and
Philosophical Perspectives of
Chapter 16: Work and Career
Community and Population Health
Transitions
Practice
Chapter 17: Health Professional
Chapter 2: Community and
Well-Being
Population Health Concepts
Chapter 18: Community Mental
Chapter 3: Theoretical
Health Programs
Frameworks for Community-Based
Practice
Chapter 19: Community-Based
Approaches to Substance Use
Chapter 4: Population Health: An
Epidemics
Occupational Perspective
Chapter 20: Addressing the Needs
Chapter 5: Program Planning and
of the Homeless
Needs Assessment
Chapter 21: Community
Chapter 6: Program Design and
Reintegration Services for Military
Implementation
Veterans
Chapter 7: Program Evaluation
Chapter 22: Promoting
Occupational Participation in
Chapter 8: Program Support:
Marginalized Populations
Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and
Business Acumen
Chapter 23: Telehealth
Chapter 9: Early Intervention
Chapter 24: Lifestyle Redesign
Programs
Programs
Chapter 10: From School to
Chapter 25: Occupational Therapy
Community Transition Services
in Primary Health-Care Settings
Chapter 11: Promoting Community
Chapter 26: Disaster
Inclusion and Integration for Youth
Preparedness, Response, and
Recovery
Chapter 12: Aging in Place and
Home Modifications
Chapter 27: Violence Prevention
and Mitigation
Chapter 13: Driving and
Community Mobility
Chapter 28: Future Directions in
Community-Based and Population
Chapter 14: Low Vision Services in
Health Practice
the Community
,Chapter 1: Historical and Philosophical
Perspectives of Community and Population Health
Practice
(Occupational Therapy in Community and Population Health Practice, 3rd ed. )
Question 1
An occupational therapist is developing a community reintegration program for
individuals with physical disabilities following hospital discharge. Rather than
focusing on remediation of impairments, the program prioritizes access to
transportation, vocational roles, and social participation. Which historical shift in
occupational therapy practice most directly supports this approach?
A. Adoption of the biomedical model during World War II
B. Expansion of institutional rehabilitation services
C. Re-emergence of OT’s social reform and moral treatment roots
D. Emphasis on evidence-based impairment remediation
Answer: C
Rationale:
Early OT was grounded in social reform and moral treatment philosophies that
emphasized participation, meaningful occupation, and societal inclusion.
Community-based reintegration programs reflect this historical commitment,
which re-emerged as OT moved beyond hospital-centered biomedical models
toward population and participation-focused practice.
,Key words: Social reform, participation, moral treatment, community
reintegration
Question 2
A public health department partners with occupational therapists to address
rising disability-related unemployment in a marginalized urban area. Which
philosophical principle from OT’s historical foundations best justifies this
population-level intervention?
A. Reduction of pathology through standardized treatment
B. Occupational justice and the right to participation
C. Professional neutrality in social issues
D. Restoration of physical function as the primary outcome
Answer: B
Rationale:
Occupational justice emphasizes equitable access to meaningful occupations.
Historically, OT has addressed social inequities affecting participation.
Addressing unemployment at a population level aligns with this justice-oriented
philosophy rather than a narrow focus on impairment or neutrality.
Key words: Occupational justice, equity, population intervention, work
participation
Question 3
,An OT student argues that community-based practice represents a “new
direction” for the profession. Based on Chapter 1, which response best reflects
OT’s historical reality?
A. Community practice emerged only after deinstitutionalization
B. Community-based practice contradicts OT’s original medical roots
C. OT has always addressed societal participation, though emphasis has
fluctuated
D. OT historically avoided population-level health concerns
Answer: C
Rationale:
OT originated in community and social reform movements. While hospital-based
practice later dominated, community engagement and population-level
participation were never absent from OT’s philosophical core.
Key words: Historical continuity, community roots, participation, profession
identity
Question 4
Following a natural disaster, an OT is asked to assist a displaced population.
Rather than focusing on individual trauma treatment, the therapist prioritizes
restoring daily routines and community roles. Which historical influence most
strongly informs this decision?
A. Medical rehabilitation traditions
B. Behavioral psychology frameworks
C. Public health and social reform movements
D. Neuroscientific models of recovery
,Answer: C
Rationale:
Public health and social reform emphasized restoring social roles, routines, and
collective well-being. OT’s historical alignment with these movements supports
population-level intervention following societal disruptions.
Key words: Disaster recovery, public health, routines, community roles
Question 5
An OT critiques a purely biomedical disaster response model, arguing it fails to
address long-term participation. This critique reflects which philosophical stance
emphasized in Chapter 1?
A. Pathology-centered care
B. Occupational imbalance theory
C. Holistic and occupation-centered philosophy
D. Reductionist health models
Answer: C
Rationale:
OT’s philosophy has historically rejected reductionism, emphasizing holistic
engagement in meaningful occupation. Addressing participation beyond
immediate pathology aligns with this long-standing philosophical stance.
Key words: Holistic care, occupation-centered practice, participation
Question 6
, Which scenario best illustrates OT’s historical transition from institution-based
care to community and population health practice?
A. Providing splinting services in outpatient clinics
B. Designing community policies for accessible housing
C. Conducting standardized assessments in hospitals
D. Delivering one-on-one therapy sessions
Answer: B
Rationale:
Policy design for accessible housing represents population-level intervention
addressing environmental determinants of participation — a hallmark of
community and population health practice rooted in OT’s evolution.
Key words: Accessibility, policy, environment, population health
Question 7
A rehabilitation hospital prioritizes rapid discharge metrics over long-term
community participation outcomes. Based on OT’s philosophical history, what is
the most appropriate OT response?
A. Accept the metrics as necessary for efficiency
B. Focus solely on measurable physical outcomes
C. Advocate for inclusion of participation-based outcomes
D. Withdraw from the discharge planning process
Answer: C
Rationale:
OT’s philosophical roots emphasize participation and life engagement.
