BIO 207 exam 1 umich
et et et et
Whatetisetaetmicroorganismet(microbe)?et-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -
microscopicetunicellularetorganisms
-notetjustetbacterial
-existetinetallet3etdomainset(eukaryotic,etbacteria,etarchaea)
-virusesetalsoetconsideredetmicrobes
eukaryoteset-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -moistetoretaquaticetenvironments
-protista
-containetmembrane-boundetorganelles
-DNAetenclosedetinetaetmembrane-boundetnucleus
-cellsetareetgenerallyetlargeretandetmoreetcomplex
-18SetrRNA
Prokaryoteset-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -noetnucleus
-diverseetenvironments,etinet&etonetus
-generallyetsmalleretthaneteukaryoticetcells
-16SetrRNA
,Geneticetdiversityetonetearthet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
theetoverwhelmingetproportionetofetgeneticetdiversityetisetencodedetbyetmicr
obes
archaeaet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -
haveetaetmixtureetofeteukaryoticetandetbacterialetfeatures
-phenotypicetfeaturesetthatetdistinguishetthemetfrometbacteria:
celletwalls-differentetaminoetacidset&etsugarsetthanetthoseetofetbacteria
celletmembranes-
chemicallyetdistinctetfrometbacterialetmembranesetwetdifferingetlipidetstructur
esetandetchemicaletlinks
-areetextremophiles
mycologyet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -studyetofetfungi
-eukaryoticetmicrobeset(>100,000etspecies)
-celletwallsetcontainetchitinet(acetylatedetamino-
polysaccharideetsuperetstrong)
-membranesetcontainetergostrerolet(targetetofetsomeetanti-fungaletdrugs)
Unicellularet(yeast)etandetmulticellularet(molds/mycelial)
Yeastset-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -unicellularetfungi
,-saccaromycesetcerevisiaeet(bakers/brewersetyeast)
-candidaetalbicanset(yeastetinfections)
-reproduceetbyetbudding
moldset-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -mycelialet(multicellular)etmasses
-
hyphae:etmultinucleateetcelletfilamentsetwhichetextendet&etformetbranches,etge
neratingetaetmycelium
(septateet-etmultipleetcellsetwetseptaetdividingetcytoplasms
coenocyticet-etoneetlongetcelletwetmanyetnuclei)ettypesetofethyphae
mycelia,etmushroomset&etmycorrhizaeet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
diffetfungietforms:
-theetfamiliaretmushrooms
-myceliaetofetpathogens
-symbioticetpartnersetofetalgaeetinetlichens
majoretcladesetofetfungiet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -chytridiomycota
-zygomycota
-ascomycotaet(bakersetyeast)
-basidiomycotaet(mushrooms)
, lifecycleetofetbasidiomycotaet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
mycorrhizaeet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ mycoet=etfungus,etrhizaet=etroot
-symbioticetassociationetbetweenetplantetrootset&etfungi
-
twoetcommonettypes:etendomycorrhizaeet(penetrateetcelletwalletofetplantetrootet
cells),etectomycorrhizaeet(doetnot)
benefitsetofetsymbiosisetbetweenetmycorrhizaeet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
benefitsettoetfungus:etplantsetprovideetaetsourceetofetcarbohydratesettoettheetfu
ngusetfrometphotosynthesis
benefitsettoetplant:etfungietprovideetincreasedetmineraletnutrientset(extendettheet
volumeetofetsoiletaccessible)et
fungietimproveetaetplantsetaccessettoetwateret-etmoreetdraughtettolerant
algaeet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
photosyntheticeteukaryoticetorganisms.etcontainetchlorophyll.
algaeetnotetnecessarilyetrelated
-unicellularetmicroalgaeet(diatomes)
et et et et
Whatetisetaetmicroorganismet(microbe)?et-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -
microscopicetunicellularetorganisms
-notetjustetbacterial
-existetinetallet3etdomainset(eukaryotic,etbacteria,etarchaea)
-virusesetalsoetconsideredetmicrobes
eukaryoteset-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -moistetoretaquaticetenvironments
-protista
-containetmembrane-boundetorganelles
-DNAetenclosedetinetaetmembrane-boundetnucleus
-cellsetareetgenerallyetlargeretandetmoreetcomplex
-18SetrRNA
Prokaryoteset-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -noetnucleus
-diverseetenvironments,etinet&etonetus
-generallyetsmalleretthaneteukaryoticetcells
-16SetrRNA
,Geneticetdiversityetonetearthet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
theetoverwhelmingetproportionetofetgeneticetdiversityetisetencodedetbyetmicr
obes
archaeaet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -
haveetaetmixtureetofeteukaryoticetandetbacterialetfeatures
-phenotypicetfeaturesetthatetdistinguishetthemetfrometbacteria:
celletwalls-differentetaminoetacidset&etsugarsetthanetthoseetofetbacteria
celletmembranes-
chemicallyetdistinctetfrometbacterialetmembranesetwetdifferingetlipidetstructur
esetandetchemicaletlinks
-areetextremophiles
mycologyet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -studyetofetfungi
-eukaryoticetmicrobeset(>100,000etspecies)
-celletwallsetcontainetchitinet(acetylatedetamino-
polysaccharideetsuperetstrong)
-membranesetcontainetergostrerolet(targetetofetsomeetanti-fungaletdrugs)
Unicellularet(yeast)etandetmulticellularet(molds/mycelial)
Yeastset-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -unicellularetfungi
,-saccaromycesetcerevisiaeet(bakers/brewersetyeast)
-candidaetalbicanset(yeastetinfections)
-reproduceetbyetbudding
moldset-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -mycelialet(multicellular)etmasses
-
hyphae:etmultinucleateetcelletfilamentsetwhichetextendet&etformetbranches,etge
neratingetaetmycelium
(septateet-etmultipleetcellsetwetseptaetdividingetcytoplasms
coenocyticet-etoneetlongetcelletwetmanyetnuclei)ettypesetofethyphae
mycelia,etmushroomset&etmycorrhizaeet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
diffetfungietforms:
-theetfamiliaretmushrooms
-myceliaetofetpathogens
-symbioticetpartnersetofetalgaeetinetlichens
majoretcladesetofetfungiet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ -chytridiomycota
-zygomycota
-ascomycotaet(bakersetyeast)
-basidiomycotaet(mushrooms)
, lifecycleetofetbasidiomycotaet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
mycorrhizaeet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔ mycoet=etfungus,etrhizaet=etroot
-symbioticetassociationetbetweenetplantetrootset&etfungi
-
twoetcommonettypes:etendomycorrhizaeet(penetrateetcelletwalletofetplantetrootet
cells),etectomycorrhizaeet(doetnot)
benefitsetofetsymbiosisetbetweenetmycorrhizaeet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
benefitsettoetfungus:etplantsetprovideetaetsourceetofetcarbohydratesettoettheetfu
ngusetfrometphotosynthesis
benefitsettoetplant:etfungietprovideetincreasedetmineraletnutrientset(extendettheet
volumeetofetsoiletaccessible)et
fungietimproveetaetplantsetaccessettoetwateret-etmoreetdraughtettolerant
algaeet-etcorrectetanswer✔ ✔
photosyntheticeteukaryoticetorganisms.etcontainetchlorophyll.
algaeetnotetnecessarilyetrelated
-unicellularetmicroalgaeet(diatomes)
