Biology 1001 Exam Questions and Verified Answers/Accurate Solutions| New
Update Already Graded A+
Biological Evolution explains diversity and unity of life. changes in DNA over time
All living things: 1+cells,energy,metabolize,grow,stimuli,adapt,
reproduce
Scientific Method Way of learning about the world through observation and
experimentation.
Observation:
Data:
Experiment: watching/measuring
recorded observation
well-controlled test
Inductive Reasoning general conclusions are drawn from OBSERVATION
Deductive Reasoning specific observations from an EXPERIMENT
Hypothesis Tentative answer to a question, comes from observations, INDUCTIVE.
Make a prediction, must be TESTABLE!
Prediction uses a proposed explanation from observed pattern to predict the outcome of
one plus scenarios
,American Coots-why are some chicks more brightly coloured than others? What
competitive advantage? Hypothesis: parents feed the coloured ones. test though controlled
experiments.
Independant
dependant controlled by scientist
data collected
Mean
Variance
Standard Deviation average
spread of data
dispersion around mean
Unintentional Bias both scientists and human subjects skew results. most studies are
DOUBLE BLIND
Many poisonous snakes are bright. Mimics are harmless but look like poisonous ones.
Experiment: Testsed venomous coral snakes with king snakes. Experimental group-look
like king snakes and a control with plain brown snakes. put in areas with and without coral
snakes.. The data showed that ringed snakes were attacked less where coral snakes were
found. WHY?- poisonous snakes!
What are the three branches of the tree of life? Bacteria, archaea and eukarya
Stromatolites layers of soft sediment and single celled organisms(prokaryotes)
Prokaryote and Eukaryote Pro- no nucleus/membrane
Euk- has nucleus and membranes, bigger structure
, How old is the earth? seas? life? 46 bill y a
4.2-3.9
3.7-3.8
"Prebiotic Conditions" inorganic (sulfur, methane, nitrogen, no oxygen)
Stanley Miller Experiment Can organic molecules from under conditions believed to
simulate those on the early earth? They stimulated prebiotic conditions (water,
ammonia,methane,hydrogen, ran it for weeks). RESULTS: paper chromatography showed 20
amino acids, simple organic molecules HOWEVER other scientists had varied results.
Protocells: Montorillonite clay created from volcanic ash, vesicles form faster. Nucleotide
cluster on surface clay and form nucleic acid. Vesicles take in montmorillonite (bag of nuclei)
reproduce spontaneously.
What was the first genetic material (probably) and why? RNA, because protocell vesicles
have a lipid bilayer and RNA inside that stores info and catalysis. GROW? yes, adds lipids.
DIVIDE? Yes, shake them, REPLICATE? Maybe...
RNA Some types of RNA act as enzymes (ribozymes)
can copy strands of RNA
Might replicate by copying themselves
can potentially catalyze their own polymer
Evolution-characteristic feature of life DOES NOT CREATE LIFE-ACTS UPON IT!!!!!!!!
Needs some form of life for it to start. Natural selection can act, store info, grow replicate
mutate. Protocell with RNA genome fits this description
Any current organisms using RNA Today? viruses
Update Already Graded A+
Biological Evolution explains diversity and unity of life. changes in DNA over time
All living things: 1+cells,energy,metabolize,grow,stimuli,adapt,
reproduce
Scientific Method Way of learning about the world through observation and
experimentation.
Observation:
Data:
Experiment: watching/measuring
recorded observation
well-controlled test
Inductive Reasoning general conclusions are drawn from OBSERVATION
Deductive Reasoning specific observations from an EXPERIMENT
Hypothesis Tentative answer to a question, comes from observations, INDUCTIVE.
Make a prediction, must be TESTABLE!
Prediction uses a proposed explanation from observed pattern to predict the outcome of
one plus scenarios
,American Coots-why are some chicks more brightly coloured than others? What
competitive advantage? Hypothesis: parents feed the coloured ones. test though controlled
experiments.
Independant
dependant controlled by scientist
data collected
Mean
Variance
Standard Deviation average
spread of data
dispersion around mean
Unintentional Bias both scientists and human subjects skew results. most studies are
DOUBLE BLIND
Many poisonous snakes are bright. Mimics are harmless but look like poisonous ones.
Experiment: Testsed venomous coral snakes with king snakes. Experimental group-look
like king snakes and a control with plain brown snakes. put in areas with and without coral
snakes.. The data showed that ringed snakes were attacked less where coral snakes were
found. WHY?- poisonous snakes!
What are the three branches of the tree of life? Bacteria, archaea and eukarya
Stromatolites layers of soft sediment and single celled organisms(prokaryotes)
Prokaryote and Eukaryote Pro- no nucleus/membrane
Euk- has nucleus and membranes, bigger structure
, How old is the earth? seas? life? 46 bill y a
4.2-3.9
3.7-3.8
"Prebiotic Conditions" inorganic (sulfur, methane, nitrogen, no oxygen)
Stanley Miller Experiment Can organic molecules from under conditions believed to
simulate those on the early earth? They stimulated prebiotic conditions (water,
ammonia,methane,hydrogen, ran it for weeks). RESULTS: paper chromatography showed 20
amino acids, simple organic molecules HOWEVER other scientists had varied results.
Protocells: Montorillonite clay created from volcanic ash, vesicles form faster. Nucleotide
cluster on surface clay and form nucleic acid. Vesicles take in montmorillonite (bag of nuclei)
reproduce spontaneously.
What was the first genetic material (probably) and why? RNA, because protocell vesicles
have a lipid bilayer and RNA inside that stores info and catalysis. GROW? yes, adds lipids.
DIVIDE? Yes, shake them, REPLICATE? Maybe...
RNA Some types of RNA act as enzymes (ribozymes)
can copy strands of RNA
Might replicate by copying themselves
can potentially catalyze their own polymer
Evolution-characteristic feature of life DOES NOT CREATE LIFE-ACTS UPON IT!!!!!!!!
Needs some form of life for it to start. Natural selection can act, store info, grow replicate
mutate. Protocell with RNA genome fits this description
Any current organisms using RNA Today? viruses
