MSN 610 LATEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
RATED A+
✔✔Erosion - ✔✔Loss of part of the epidermis, depressed, moist, glistening, follows
rupture of a vesicle or bulla.
Example- Varicella, variola after rupture.
✔✔Ulcer - ✔✔Loss of epidermis and dermis concave varies in size.
Example- Decubiti, Stasis ulcers.
✔✔Crust - ✔✔Dried serum, blood, or purulent exudates, slightly elevated, size varies,
brown red black tan or straw colored.
Example- scab on abrasion, eczema.
✔✔Atrophy - ✔✔Thinning of skin surface and loss of skin markings, skin translucent
and paper like.
Example- striae, aged skin.
✔✔Faun tail nevus - ✔✔Tuft of hair overlaying the spinal column at birth, usually in the
lumbosacral area, may be associated with spina bifida occulta.
✔✔Epidermal verrucous nevi - ✔✔Warty lesions in a linear or whorled pattern that may
be pigmented or skin colored, present at birth or in early childhood, associated most
commonly with skeletal central nervous system and ocular abnormalities.
✔✔Café au lait macules - ✔✔flat, evenly pigmented spots varying in color from light
brown to dark brown or black in dark skin, larger than 5mm in diameter, present at birth
or shortly thereafter, may be associated with neurofibromatosis or misc other conditions
including primary stenosis, temporal lobe dysrhythmia, and tuberous sclerosis, be
suspicious of NF is there are 6 or more macules, > 5 mm in diameter in prepubertal
individuals, or >15 mm in greatest diameter after puberty
✔✔Freckling in the axillary or inguinal area - ✔✔multiple flat pigmented macules
associated with neurofibromatosis, may occur in conjunction with cafe au lait macules.
✔✔Ash leaf macule - ✔✔white macules present at birth associated with tuberous
sclerosis, occur most commonly on the trunk, but may also appear on the face and
limbs.
✔✔Port-wine stain of limb and/or trunk - ✔✔When accompanied by varicosities and
hypertrophy of underlying soft tissues and bones, may be associated with orthopedic
problems (Klippel-Trenaunay- Weber syndrome).
, ✔✔Congenital lymphedema with or without transient hemangiomas - ✔✔May be
associated with gonadal dysgenesis caused by absence of an X chromosome,
producing an XO karyotype ( Turner syndrome).
✔✔Supernumerary nipples - ✔✔congenital accessory nipples with or without glandular
tissue, located along the mammary ridge, may be associated with renal abnormalities,
especially in the presence of other minor anomalies, particularly in whites
✔✔Hair collar signs - ✔✔A ring of long, dark coarse hair surrounding a midline scalp
nodule in infants is usually an isolated cutaneous anomaly that may indicate neural tube
closure defects of the scalp.
✔✔eczematous dermatitis - ✔✔Most common inflammatory skin disorder:
Irritant contact dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis
✔✔Folliculitis - ✔✔Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection from
ingrown hairs.
✔✔Furnucle (boil) - ✔✔An abscess or pyogenic (pus producing) infection of a sweat
gland or a hair follicle. A deep seated infection of the pilosebaceous unit.
✔✔Cellulitis - ✔✔diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain,
and swelling
✔✔Tinea (dermatophytosis) - ✔✔Group of noncandidal fungal infections that involve the
stratum corneum, nails, or hair
✔✔Pityriasis Rosea - ✔✔self-limiting inflammation of unknown cause
✔✔Psoriasis - ✔✔chronic and recurrent disease of keratinocyte proliferation.
✔✔Rosacea - ✔✔Chronic skin disorder of the face with red inflamed areas appearing
mostly on the nose and cheeks
✔✔rhinophyma (bulbous nose) - ✔✔usually occurs in older men; characterized by
hyperplasia of the tissues of the nose and is associated with advanced rosacea
✔✔herpes zoster (shingles) - ✔✔viral infection affecting peripheral nerves from the
herpes simplex virus (HSV).
✔✔Herpes Simplex - ✔✔"cold sores"; clear vesicles with red base that evolve into
pustules, usually at lip-skin junction. Infection from the Herpes simplex virus (HSV).
RATED A+
✔✔Erosion - ✔✔Loss of part of the epidermis, depressed, moist, glistening, follows
rupture of a vesicle or bulla.
Example- Varicella, variola after rupture.
✔✔Ulcer - ✔✔Loss of epidermis and dermis concave varies in size.
Example- Decubiti, Stasis ulcers.
✔✔Crust - ✔✔Dried serum, blood, or purulent exudates, slightly elevated, size varies,
brown red black tan or straw colored.
Example- scab on abrasion, eczema.
✔✔Atrophy - ✔✔Thinning of skin surface and loss of skin markings, skin translucent
and paper like.
Example- striae, aged skin.
✔✔Faun tail nevus - ✔✔Tuft of hair overlaying the spinal column at birth, usually in the
lumbosacral area, may be associated with spina bifida occulta.
✔✔Epidermal verrucous nevi - ✔✔Warty lesions in a linear or whorled pattern that may
be pigmented or skin colored, present at birth or in early childhood, associated most
commonly with skeletal central nervous system and ocular abnormalities.
✔✔Café au lait macules - ✔✔flat, evenly pigmented spots varying in color from light
brown to dark brown or black in dark skin, larger than 5mm in diameter, present at birth
or shortly thereafter, may be associated with neurofibromatosis or misc other conditions
including primary stenosis, temporal lobe dysrhythmia, and tuberous sclerosis, be
suspicious of NF is there are 6 or more macules, > 5 mm in diameter in prepubertal
individuals, or >15 mm in greatest diameter after puberty
✔✔Freckling in the axillary or inguinal area - ✔✔multiple flat pigmented macules
associated with neurofibromatosis, may occur in conjunction with cafe au lait macules.
✔✔Ash leaf macule - ✔✔white macules present at birth associated with tuberous
sclerosis, occur most commonly on the trunk, but may also appear on the face and
limbs.
✔✔Port-wine stain of limb and/or trunk - ✔✔When accompanied by varicosities and
hypertrophy of underlying soft tissues and bones, may be associated with orthopedic
problems (Klippel-Trenaunay- Weber syndrome).
, ✔✔Congenital lymphedema with or without transient hemangiomas - ✔✔May be
associated with gonadal dysgenesis caused by absence of an X chromosome,
producing an XO karyotype ( Turner syndrome).
✔✔Supernumerary nipples - ✔✔congenital accessory nipples with or without glandular
tissue, located along the mammary ridge, may be associated with renal abnormalities,
especially in the presence of other minor anomalies, particularly in whites
✔✔Hair collar signs - ✔✔A ring of long, dark coarse hair surrounding a midline scalp
nodule in infants is usually an isolated cutaneous anomaly that may indicate neural tube
closure defects of the scalp.
✔✔eczematous dermatitis - ✔✔Most common inflammatory skin disorder:
Irritant contact dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis
✔✔Folliculitis - ✔✔Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection from
ingrown hairs.
✔✔Furnucle (boil) - ✔✔An abscess or pyogenic (pus producing) infection of a sweat
gland or a hair follicle. A deep seated infection of the pilosebaceous unit.
✔✔Cellulitis - ✔✔diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain,
and swelling
✔✔Tinea (dermatophytosis) - ✔✔Group of noncandidal fungal infections that involve the
stratum corneum, nails, or hair
✔✔Pityriasis Rosea - ✔✔self-limiting inflammation of unknown cause
✔✔Psoriasis - ✔✔chronic and recurrent disease of keratinocyte proliferation.
✔✔Rosacea - ✔✔Chronic skin disorder of the face with red inflamed areas appearing
mostly on the nose and cheeks
✔✔rhinophyma (bulbous nose) - ✔✔usually occurs in older men; characterized by
hyperplasia of the tissues of the nose and is associated with advanced rosacea
✔✔herpes zoster (shingles) - ✔✔viral infection affecting peripheral nerves from the
herpes simplex virus (HSV).
✔✔Herpes Simplex - ✔✔"cold sores"; clear vesicles with red base that evolve into
pustules, usually at lip-skin junction. Infection from the Herpes simplex virus (HSV).
