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NR 567/ NR567
NR 567/ NR567 Midterm Exam
(2026/ 2027) Advanced
Pharmacology for the AGACNP |Q/A|
| Grade A | Chamberlain
Subject: Advanced Pharmacology for the AGACNP (Midterm Exam Review)
Source: Chamberlain University
Format: Question and Answer Review Sheet with Rationales
Description: This document is a midterm exam review for an Advanced
Pharmacology course, formatted as a series of practice questions with
verified answers. The content covers pharmacologic principles and clinical
applications for the Acute Care AGACNP, focusing on anesthetic agents
(general, local, neuromuscular blockers), cardiovascular drugs
(antihypertensives, antiplatelets, anticoagulants), endocrine management
(insulins, diabetes emergencies), antimicrobial therapy (antibiotics,
antifungals, antivirals), and special topics like pain management, shock, and
geriatric considerations. Each entry presents a clinical scenario or direct
question followed by the correct answer and an explanatory rationale.
NR 567/ NR567
, 2
NR 567/ NR567
Midterm Exam Review Questions & Answers
1. Which of the following is the least preferable initial
treatment of choice for status epilepticus?
Answer: Propofol (Diprivan).
Rationale: Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam) are first-line for status
epilepticus. Propofol is a secondary agent typically used in refractory
cases in ICU settings due to risks like propofol infusion syndrome.
2. Which of the following statements is not true?
Answer: Sedative hypnotics can be utilized as an anticonvulsant;
zolpidem (Ambien) and lorazepam (Ativan) are excellent options for
managing seizures.
Rationale: While benzodiazepines like lorazepam are
anticonvulsants, zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic
used for insomnia and is not indicated for seizure management.
3. Adding epinephrine to a local anesthetic like lidocaine has
which benefit?
Answer: Extends the duration of the anesthesia block.
Rationale: Epinephrine causes vasoconstriction at the site, slowing
systemic absorption of the anesthetic. This prolongs its local effect
and reduces systemic toxicity.
NR 567/ NR567
, 3
NR 567/ NR567
4. A patient has a history of anaphylaxis to an "ester-type"
local anesthetic. Which drug would most likely provoke a similar
reaction?
Answer: Tetracaine (Pontocaine).
Rationale: Tetracaine is an ester local anesthetic. Cross-reactivity is
high within the ester class due to metabolism to a common
metabolite (para-aminobenzoic acid, PABA) that can trigger allergic
reactions.
5. An OR patient receives propofol for induction. What is the
most likely adverse response?
Answer: Hypotension and respiratory depression.
Rationale: Propofol is a general anesthetic that causes dose-
dependent depression of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
6. Which is the least appropriate medication for a patient
with suspected increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Answer: Ketamine (Ketalar).
Rationale: Ketamine can increase cerebral blood flow and metabolic
rate, potentially elevating ICP. It is generally contraindicated in
patients with or at risk for elevated ICP.
7. A trauma ICU patient has adequate pain relief but
increased muscle tone, elevated HR/BP, and post-procedure
NR 567/ NR567
NR 567/ NR567
NR 567/ NR567 Midterm Exam
(2026/ 2027) Advanced
Pharmacology for the AGACNP |Q/A|
| Grade A | Chamberlain
Subject: Advanced Pharmacology for the AGACNP (Midterm Exam Review)
Source: Chamberlain University
Format: Question and Answer Review Sheet with Rationales
Description: This document is a midterm exam review for an Advanced
Pharmacology course, formatted as a series of practice questions with
verified answers. The content covers pharmacologic principles and clinical
applications for the Acute Care AGACNP, focusing on anesthetic agents
(general, local, neuromuscular blockers), cardiovascular drugs
(antihypertensives, antiplatelets, anticoagulants), endocrine management
(insulins, diabetes emergencies), antimicrobial therapy (antibiotics,
antifungals, antivirals), and special topics like pain management, shock, and
geriatric considerations. Each entry presents a clinical scenario or direct
question followed by the correct answer and an explanatory rationale.
NR 567/ NR567
, 2
NR 567/ NR567
Midterm Exam Review Questions & Answers
1. Which of the following is the least preferable initial
treatment of choice for status epilepticus?
Answer: Propofol (Diprivan).
Rationale: Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam) are first-line for status
epilepticus. Propofol is a secondary agent typically used in refractory
cases in ICU settings due to risks like propofol infusion syndrome.
2. Which of the following statements is not true?
Answer: Sedative hypnotics can be utilized as an anticonvulsant;
zolpidem (Ambien) and lorazepam (Ativan) are excellent options for
managing seizures.
Rationale: While benzodiazepines like lorazepam are
anticonvulsants, zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic
used for insomnia and is not indicated for seizure management.
3. Adding epinephrine to a local anesthetic like lidocaine has
which benefit?
Answer: Extends the duration of the anesthesia block.
Rationale: Epinephrine causes vasoconstriction at the site, slowing
systemic absorption of the anesthetic. This prolongs its local effect
and reduces systemic toxicity.
NR 567/ NR567
, 3
NR 567/ NR567
4. A patient has a history of anaphylaxis to an "ester-type"
local anesthetic. Which drug would most likely provoke a similar
reaction?
Answer: Tetracaine (Pontocaine).
Rationale: Tetracaine is an ester local anesthetic. Cross-reactivity is
high within the ester class due to metabolism to a common
metabolite (para-aminobenzoic acid, PABA) that can trigger allergic
reactions.
5. An OR patient receives propofol for induction. What is the
most likely adverse response?
Answer: Hypotension and respiratory depression.
Rationale: Propofol is a general anesthetic that causes dose-
dependent depression of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
6. Which is the least appropriate medication for a patient
with suspected increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Answer: Ketamine (Ketalar).
Rationale: Ketamine can increase cerebral blood flow and metabolic
rate, potentially elevating ICP. It is generally contraindicated in
patients with or at risk for elevated ICP.
7. A trauma ICU patient has adequate pain relief but
increased muscle tone, elevated HR/BP, and post-procedure
NR 567/ NR567
