BURNS & PERFUSION Exam 3 Questions and
Verified Answers Detailed Answers Latest A+
What are the three zones of a burn wound?
Zone of coagulation (necrosis), zone of stasis (potential necrosis), and
zone of hyperemia (minimal injury).
What temperature can cause a burn injury in adults within 30
seconds?
Exposure to temperatures of 54°C (130°F) can cause a burn injury in 30
seconds.
At what temperature does tissue destruction occur in just 5 seconds?
At 60°C (140°F), tissue destruction occurs in 5 seconds.
What is considered a severe burn injury in terms of TBSA?
Injuries affecting more than approximately 20% TBSA are considered
severe.
What systemic response occurs following a severe burn injury?
The release of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, leading to
hypermetabolism, organ dysfunction, and potential mortality.
What is the immediate cardiovascular alteration after a burn injury?
An immediate decrease in cardiac output precedes plasma volume loss.
What causes increased capillary permeability after a burn injury?
The release of free oxygen radicals due to systemic inflammation.
What is early burn shock?
A type of hypovolemic shock resulting from intravascular volume loss after
a burn injury.
When does the greatest volume of intravascular fluid leak occur after
a burn?
In the first 24 to 36 hours post-injury, peaking at approximately 6 to 8
hours.
What is the consequence of inadequate fluid resuscitation in burn
patients?
Distributive shock occurs due to insufficient vascular volume.
,How does edema formation differ between superficial and deeper
burns?
Superficial burns cause edema within 4 hours, while deeper burns can
continue to form edema for up to 18 hours.
What are potential treatments for edema in burn patients?
Elevation of the extremity, escharotomy, or fasciotomy.
What fluid and electrolyte alterations occur immediately after a burn
injury?
Hyperkalemia from cell destruction and potential hypokalemia later due to
fluid shifts.
What happens to serum sodium levels after a burn injury?
They vary in response to fluid resuscitation, with hyponatremia possible
due to plasma loss.
What is the significance of inhalation injuries in burn victims?
Inhalation injuries are a leading cause of mortality, especially with enclosed
flame injuries.
What are the signs of upper airway inhalation injury?
Hoarseness, singed facial hair, and carbonaceous sputum.
What is the standard test for diagnosing inhalation injury?
Bronchoscopy.
What are the effects of smoke inhalation on the lungs?
Loss of ciliary action, inflammatory response, mucosal edema, and
bronchospasm.
What is the treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning in burn
patients?
Administration of 100% oxygen to displace CO from hemoglobin.
What are the symptoms of hydrogen cyanide poisoning?
Shortness of breath, headache, vertigo, confusion, and mucous membrane
irritation.
What is the relationship between catecholamine release and oxygen
delivery in burn patients?
Catecholamine release alters peripheral blood flow, reducing oxygen
delivery to peripheral tissues.
What is the expected timeline for edema reabsorption after a burn
injury?
, Reabsorption begins at about 4 hours post-injury and is complete by 4
days.
What complications can arise from circumferential burns?
Tightness of burned tissue can obstruct blood flow, leading to tissue
ischemia and potentially acute compartment syndrome.
What hematological changes can occur after a burn injury?
Anemia due to red blood cell destruction and elevated hematocrit due to
plasma loss.
What coagulation abnormalities may occur in burn patients?
Decreased platelets and prolonged clotting and prothrombin times.
What physiological changes occur early in the postburn period?
Catecholamine release alters peripheral blood flow, reducing oxygen
delivery to tissues.
What is the consequence of hypermetabolism after a burn injury?
Increased tissue oxygen consumption can lead to hypoxia.
What is an escharotomy and when is it necessary?
An escharotomy is a surgical procedure to relieve restrictive pulmonary
excursion caused by full-thickness burns encircling the thorax.
How does burn injury affect kidney function?
Decreased blood volume postburn can alter kidney function, leading to
reduced glomerular filtration rate and urine volume.
What can result from muscle damage due to burns?
Myoglobin released from damaged muscle cells can cause red urine and
potentially lead to acute tubular necrosis.
What immunologic changes occur after a burn injury?
Burn injuries compromise skin integrity, leading to increased infection risk
and systemic release of cytokines causing leukocyte dysfunction.
What thermoregulatory alteration occurs in burn patients?
Patients often exhibit low body temperatures due to TBSA involvement, IV
fluids, and increased evaporative heat loss.
What are common GI alterations in burn patients?
Common alterations include paralytic ileus, Curling's ulcer, and
translocation of bacteria.
What is Curling's ulcer?
Verified Answers Detailed Answers Latest A+
What are the three zones of a burn wound?
Zone of coagulation (necrosis), zone of stasis (potential necrosis), and
zone of hyperemia (minimal injury).
What temperature can cause a burn injury in adults within 30
seconds?
Exposure to temperatures of 54°C (130°F) can cause a burn injury in 30
seconds.
At what temperature does tissue destruction occur in just 5 seconds?
At 60°C (140°F), tissue destruction occurs in 5 seconds.
What is considered a severe burn injury in terms of TBSA?
Injuries affecting more than approximately 20% TBSA are considered
severe.
What systemic response occurs following a severe burn injury?
The release of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, leading to
hypermetabolism, organ dysfunction, and potential mortality.
What is the immediate cardiovascular alteration after a burn injury?
An immediate decrease in cardiac output precedes plasma volume loss.
What causes increased capillary permeability after a burn injury?
The release of free oxygen radicals due to systemic inflammation.
What is early burn shock?
A type of hypovolemic shock resulting from intravascular volume loss after
a burn injury.
When does the greatest volume of intravascular fluid leak occur after
a burn?
In the first 24 to 36 hours post-injury, peaking at approximately 6 to 8
hours.
What is the consequence of inadequate fluid resuscitation in burn
patients?
Distributive shock occurs due to insufficient vascular volume.
,How does edema formation differ between superficial and deeper
burns?
Superficial burns cause edema within 4 hours, while deeper burns can
continue to form edema for up to 18 hours.
What are potential treatments for edema in burn patients?
Elevation of the extremity, escharotomy, or fasciotomy.
What fluid and electrolyte alterations occur immediately after a burn
injury?
Hyperkalemia from cell destruction and potential hypokalemia later due to
fluid shifts.
What happens to serum sodium levels after a burn injury?
They vary in response to fluid resuscitation, with hyponatremia possible
due to plasma loss.
What is the significance of inhalation injuries in burn victims?
Inhalation injuries are a leading cause of mortality, especially with enclosed
flame injuries.
What are the signs of upper airway inhalation injury?
Hoarseness, singed facial hair, and carbonaceous sputum.
What is the standard test for diagnosing inhalation injury?
Bronchoscopy.
What are the effects of smoke inhalation on the lungs?
Loss of ciliary action, inflammatory response, mucosal edema, and
bronchospasm.
What is the treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning in burn
patients?
Administration of 100% oxygen to displace CO from hemoglobin.
What are the symptoms of hydrogen cyanide poisoning?
Shortness of breath, headache, vertigo, confusion, and mucous membrane
irritation.
What is the relationship between catecholamine release and oxygen
delivery in burn patients?
Catecholamine release alters peripheral blood flow, reducing oxygen
delivery to peripheral tissues.
What is the expected timeline for edema reabsorption after a burn
injury?
, Reabsorption begins at about 4 hours post-injury and is complete by 4
days.
What complications can arise from circumferential burns?
Tightness of burned tissue can obstruct blood flow, leading to tissue
ischemia and potentially acute compartment syndrome.
What hematological changes can occur after a burn injury?
Anemia due to red blood cell destruction and elevated hematocrit due to
plasma loss.
What coagulation abnormalities may occur in burn patients?
Decreased platelets and prolonged clotting and prothrombin times.
What physiological changes occur early in the postburn period?
Catecholamine release alters peripheral blood flow, reducing oxygen
delivery to tissues.
What is the consequence of hypermetabolism after a burn injury?
Increased tissue oxygen consumption can lead to hypoxia.
What is an escharotomy and when is it necessary?
An escharotomy is a surgical procedure to relieve restrictive pulmonary
excursion caused by full-thickness burns encircling the thorax.
How does burn injury affect kidney function?
Decreased blood volume postburn can alter kidney function, leading to
reduced glomerular filtration rate and urine volume.
What can result from muscle damage due to burns?
Myoglobin released from damaged muscle cells can cause red urine and
potentially lead to acute tubular necrosis.
What immunologic changes occur after a burn injury?
Burn injuries compromise skin integrity, leading to increased infection risk
and systemic release of cytokines causing leukocyte dysfunction.
What thermoregulatory alteration occurs in burn patients?
Patients often exhibit low body temperatures due to TBSA involvement, IV
fluids, and increased evaporative heat loss.
What are common GI alterations in burn patients?
Common alterations include paralytic ileus, Curling's ulcer, and
translocation of bacteria.
What is Curling's ulcer?
