Biochemistry Final Exam With Ques ons And Answers
2025/2026
What is a monosaccharide? - correct answers The most basic units of carbohydrates.
Made of 1 aldehyde and 1 ketone. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually
colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste.
Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose) and
galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates - correct answers D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are - correct answers Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called - correct answers Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from - correct answers Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopec n are - correct answers The structure
(branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is - correct answers Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water par ons into - correct
answers Intracellular and extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is
further divided into inters al and plasma compartments - correct answers extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid - correct answers
extracellular
,In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal - correct answers Water
outputs
An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water - correct answers charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the posi vely charged ions found in
extracellular fluid - correct answers Sodium
The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentra ons of _______ and ________ in the
body. - correct answers Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar ca on, while _________ is the most abundant
intracellular ca on. - correct answers Sodium, potassium
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate buffer
system, the ____ buffer system and the protein buffer system. - correct answers
Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion
concentra ons in body fluids? - correct answers The rate and depth of breathing does
not alter hydrogen ion concentra on in body fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood? - correct answers 7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer? - correct answers bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomi ng?
a. dehydra on
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. metabolic alkalosis - correct answers c. respiratory alkalosis
What is the most common intracellular buffer? - correct answers phosphate
, Which of the following is the product of trans-deaminia o reac ons
a. urea
b. NH3
c. NH4
d. Carbonic acid - correct answers c. NH4
Which of the following terms is the total of all the breakdown processes in the body? -
correct answers catabolism
Amino acids that must be consumed in the diet are called - correct answers essen al
amino acids
The amino acid pool is - correct answers all the amino acids within the ssue and body
fluids
Select the best defini on of an enzyme
a. an enzyme is an amino acid that speeds up chemical reac ons.
b. an enzyme is a protein that is consumed in the diet and aids in chemical reac ons.
c. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reac ons and are destroyed in the
process.
d. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reac ons and are not destroyed in the
process. - correct answers d. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reac ons
and are not destroyed in the process.
The bond that links to amino acids together is called - correct answers a pep de bond
There are a total of __ amino acids and _______ are considered essen al - correct
answers 20;9
The side chain on an amino acid may include which element? - correct answers Sulfur
A small chain of amino acids is called a - correct answers pep de
Each amino acid contains - correct answers an amine group and a carboxyl group
Proteins are necessary for which of the following?
a. Muscle structure
2025/2026
What is a monosaccharide? - correct answers The most basic units of carbohydrates.
Made of 1 aldehyde and 1 ketone. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually
colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste.
Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose) and
galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates - correct answers D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are - correct answers Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called - correct answers Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from - correct answers Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopec n are - correct answers The structure
(branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is - correct answers Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water par ons into - correct
answers Intracellular and extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is
further divided into inters al and plasma compartments - correct answers extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid - correct answers
extracellular
,In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal - correct answers Water
outputs
An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water - correct answers charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the posi vely charged ions found in
extracellular fluid - correct answers Sodium
The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentra ons of _______ and ________ in the
body. - correct answers Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar ca on, while _________ is the most abundant
intracellular ca on. - correct answers Sodium, potassium
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate buffer
system, the ____ buffer system and the protein buffer system. - correct answers
Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion
concentra ons in body fluids? - correct answers The rate and depth of breathing does
not alter hydrogen ion concentra on in body fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood? - correct answers 7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer? - correct answers bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomi ng?
a. dehydra on
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. metabolic alkalosis - correct answers c. respiratory alkalosis
What is the most common intracellular buffer? - correct answers phosphate
, Which of the following is the product of trans-deaminia o reac ons
a. urea
b. NH3
c. NH4
d. Carbonic acid - correct answers c. NH4
Which of the following terms is the total of all the breakdown processes in the body? -
correct answers catabolism
Amino acids that must be consumed in the diet are called - correct answers essen al
amino acids
The amino acid pool is - correct answers all the amino acids within the ssue and body
fluids
Select the best defini on of an enzyme
a. an enzyme is an amino acid that speeds up chemical reac ons.
b. an enzyme is a protein that is consumed in the diet and aids in chemical reac ons.
c. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reac ons and are destroyed in the
process.
d. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reac ons and are not destroyed in the
process. - correct answers d. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reac ons
and are not destroyed in the process.
The bond that links to amino acids together is called - correct answers a pep de bond
There are a total of __ amino acids and _______ are considered essen al - correct
answers 20;9
The side chain on an amino acid may include which element? - correct answers Sulfur
A small chain of amino acids is called a - correct answers pep de
Each amino acid contains - correct answers an amine group and a carboxyl group
Proteins are necessary for which of the following?
a. Muscle structure
