BIO 143 UPDATED EXAM SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Ulna - ✔✔bone located on the medial side of the forearm, parallel to Radius
✔✔Femur - ✔✔upper leg bone
✔✔Patella - ✔✔kneecap
✔✔Tibia - ✔✔lower leg bone on medial side (larger bone)
✔✔Fibula - ✔✔lower leg bone on lateral side (smaller bone)
✔✔Calcaneus - ✔✔heel (one of the tarsal bones)
✔✔Visceral Peritoneum - ✔✔thin, shiny membrane that covers the internal organs of
the abdominal cavity
✔✔Mesenteries - ✔✔folds of the visceral peritoneum that attach the small intestine and
colon to the posterior abdominal wall
✔✔Liver - ✔✔produces bile
✔✔Stomach - ✔✔grinds up and digests food
✔✔Esophagus - ✔✔passes through diaphragm to empty food into stomach
✔✔Small Intestine - ✔✔where most digestion and ingestion occur
✔✔Large Intestine (colon) - ✔✔shorter and wider than small intestine
✔✔Rectum - ✔✔portion of the colon leading to the anus
✔✔Spleen - ✔✔filters blood
✔✔Pancreas - ✔✔secretes enzymes
✔✔Kidney - ✔✔filters blood, makes urine
✔✔Urinary Bladder - ✔✔stores urine
✔✔Diaphragm - ✔✔Diaphragm is a muscle for breathing
, ✔✔Prokaryotic cell division - ✔✔Binary Fission
✔✔DNA in prokaryotes - ✔✔a single circular double-stranded DNA in the nucleoid
region
✔✔Prokaryotes - ✔✔CANNOT undergo mitosis
✔✔Eukaryotic DNA organization - ✔✔DNA is organized in chromosomes
✔✔Chromosomes - ✔✔composed of Chromatin
✔✔Chromatin - ✔✔the complex of DNA and packaging proteins (histone)
✔✔Chromatin during cell division - ✔✔very highly folded and become visible in the light
microscope as chromosomes
✔✔Chromatin when not divided - ✔✔loosely packed
✔✔Centromere - ✔✔point of attachment on chromosome
✔✔Sister Chromatids - ✔✔two identical copies of a Parent chromosome
✔✔Homologous Chromosomes - ✔✔matching pair of chromosomes
✔✔Diploid Cell - ✔✔2 sets of chromosomes (one set from each parent)
✔✔Haploid Cell - ✔✔one set of chromosomes
✔✔Human chromosome pairs - ✔✔Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes
✔✔Mitosis - ✔✔nuclear division
✔✔Cytokinesis - ✔✔division of the cytoplasm, one cell splits into 2 daughter cells
✔✔Meiosis - ✔✔a special type of nuclear division that halves the number of
chromosomes
✔✔Fertilization - ✔✔when egg and sperm fuse together to form a Zygote (fertilized egg)
✔✔Interphase - ✔✔the longest part of the cell cycle
✔✔Mitosis phases - ✔✔Includes Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Ulna - ✔✔bone located on the medial side of the forearm, parallel to Radius
✔✔Femur - ✔✔upper leg bone
✔✔Patella - ✔✔kneecap
✔✔Tibia - ✔✔lower leg bone on medial side (larger bone)
✔✔Fibula - ✔✔lower leg bone on lateral side (smaller bone)
✔✔Calcaneus - ✔✔heel (one of the tarsal bones)
✔✔Visceral Peritoneum - ✔✔thin, shiny membrane that covers the internal organs of
the abdominal cavity
✔✔Mesenteries - ✔✔folds of the visceral peritoneum that attach the small intestine and
colon to the posterior abdominal wall
✔✔Liver - ✔✔produces bile
✔✔Stomach - ✔✔grinds up and digests food
✔✔Esophagus - ✔✔passes through diaphragm to empty food into stomach
✔✔Small Intestine - ✔✔where most digestion and ingestion occur
✔✔Large Intestine (colon) - ✔✔shorter and wider than small intestine
✔✔Rectum - ✔✔portion of the colon leading to the anus
✔✔Spleen - ✔✔filters blood
✔✔Pancreas - ✔✔secretes enzymes
✔✔Kidney - ✔✔filters blood, makes urine
✔✔Urinary Bladder - ✔✔stores urine
✔✔Diaphragm - ✔✔Diaphragm is a muscle for breathing
, ✔✔Prokaryotic cell division - ✔✔Binary Fission
✔✔DNA in prokaryotes - ✔✔a single circular double-stranded DNA in the nucleoid
region
✔✔Prokaryotes - ✔✔CANNOT undergo mitosis
✔✔Eukaryotic DNA organization - ✔✔DNA is organized in chromosomes
✔✔Chromosomes - ✔✔composed of Chromatin
✔✔Chromatin - ✔✔the complex of DNA and packaging proteins (histone)
✔✔Chromatin during cell division - ✔✔very highly folded and become visible in the light
microscope as chromosomes
✔✔Chromatin when not divided - ✔✔loosely packed
✔✔Centromere - ✔✔point of attachment on chromosome
✔✔Sister Chromatids - ✔✔two identical copies of a Parent chromosome
✔✔Homologous Chromosomes - ✔✔matching pair of chromosomes
✔✔Diploid Cell - ✔✔2 sets of chromosomes (one set from each parent)
✔✔Haploid Cell - ✔✔one set of chromosomes
✔✔Human chromosome pairs - ✔✔Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes
✔✔Mitosis - ✔✔nuclear division
✔✔Cytokinesis - ✔✔division of the cytoplasm, one cell splits into 2 daughter cells
✔✔Meiosis - ✔✔a special type of nuclear division that halves the number of
chromosomes
✔✔Fertilization - ✔✔when egg and sperm fuse together to form a Zygote (fertilized egg)
✔✔Interphase - ✔✔the longest part of the cell cycle
✔✔Mitosis phases - ✔✔Includes Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
