BIO 143 EVALUATION EXAM QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
✔✔glycolysis - ✔✔the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic
acid.
✔✔LDL cholesterol - ✔✔"bad" blood cholesterol, delivers plaque to the arterial walls
✔✔electrolyte - ✔✔an ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric
current
✔✔normal blood pH - ✔✔7.35-7.45
✔✔respiratory alkalosis - ✔✔a rise in blood pH due to hyperventilation (excessive
breathing) and a resulting decrease in CO2.
✔✔NAD and FAD - ✔✔electron carriers for many cellular reactions
✔✔type 1 diabetes mellitus - ✔✔diabetes in which there is no beta cell production of
insulin; the patient is dependent on insulin for survival
✔✔Kreb's cycle - ✔✔second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken
down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
✔✔saturated fats - ✔✔fat that is solid at room temperature and found in animal fats,
lards, and dairy products; increase risk of heart disease
✔✔monounsaturated fats - ✔✔triglycerides in which most of the fatty acids have one
point of unsaturation
✔✔polyunsaturated fats - ✔✔triglycerides in which most of the fatty acids have two or
more points of unsaturation
✔✔ATP synthesis - ✔✔uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group
together to make ATP
✔✔urea - ✔✔waste product formed in the liver, filtered out of the blood by the kidneys,
and excreted in urine
✔✔cellular respiration - ✔✔process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and
other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
✔✔cellular respiration equation - ✔✔C6H12O6+6O2---> 6CO2+6H2O+ATP
, ✔✔glucose - ✔✔the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major
source of energy for body tissues; when its level is low, we feel hunger
✔✔ionic bond - ✔✔a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely
charged ions
✔✔hydrogen bond - ✔✔weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
✔✔polar covalent bond - ✔✔a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
✔✔nonpolar covalent bond - ✔✔a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared
equally by the two atoms
✔✔anaerobic respiration - ✔✔respiration that does not require oxygen
✔✔tubal ligation - ✔✔a surgical sterilization procedure in which the fallopian tubes are
sealed or cut to prevent sperm from reaching a mature ovum
✔✔mitosis - ✔✔cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same
number of chromosomes
✔✔order of mitosis - ✔✔prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase (PMAT)
✔✔translation - ✔✔process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
✔✔BPH - ✔✔benign prostatic hypertrophy
✔✔transcription - ✔✔synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
✔✔progesterone and estrogen - ✔✔female sex hormones
✔✔FSH - ✔✔follicle-stimulating hormone (secreted by the pituitary gland)
✔✔pap smear - ✔✔test for early detection of cervical cancer; scraping of cells removed
from cervix for examination under microscope.
✔✔LH - ✔✔luteinizing hormone, ovulation and egg release, maturation of egg, release
of testosterone in males.
✔✔meiosis - ✔✔cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing
organisms
✔✔episiotomy - ✔✔surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vagina and so
facilitate delivery during childbirth
GRADED A+
✔✔glycolysis - ✔✔the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic
acid.
✔✔LDL cholesterol - ✔✔"bad" blood cholesterol, delivers plaque to the arterial walls
✔✔electrolyte - ✔✔an ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric
current
✔✔normal blood pH - ✔✔7.35-7.45
✔✔respiratory alkalosis - ✔✔a rise in blood pH due to hyperventilation (excessive
breathing) and a resulting decrease in CO2.
✔✔NAD and FAD - ✔✔electron carriers for many cellular reactions
✔✔type 1 diabetes mellitus - ✔✔diabetes in which there is no beta cell production of
insulin; the patient is dependent on insulin for survival
✔✔Kreb's cycle - ✔✔second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken
down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
✔✔saturated fats - ✔✔fat that is solid at room temperature and found in animal fats,
lards, and dairy products; increase risk of heart disease
✔✔monounsaturated fats - ✔✔triglycerides in which most of the fatty acids have one
point of unsaturation
✔✔polyunsaturated fats - ✔✔triglycerides in which most of the fatty acids have two or
more points of unsaturation
✔✔ATP synthesis - ✔✔uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group
together to make ATP
✔✔urea - ✔✔waste product formed in the liver, filtered out of the blood by the kidneys,
and excreted in urine
✔✔cellular respiration - ✔✔process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and
other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
✔✔cellular respiration equation - ✔✔C6H12O6+6O2---> 6CO2+6H2O+ATP
, ✔✔glucose - ✔✔the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major
source of energy for body tissues; when its level is low, we feel hunger
✔✔ionic bond - ✔✔a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely
charged ions
✔✔hydrogen bond - ✔✔weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
✔✔polar covalent bond - ✔✔a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
✔✔nonpolar covalent bond - ✔✔a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared
equally by the two atoms
✔✔anaerobic respiration - ✔✔respiration that does not require oxygen
✔✔tubal ligation - ✔✔a surgical sterilization procedure in which the fallopian tubes are
sealed or cut to prevent sperm from reaching a mature ovum
✔✔mitosis - ✔✔cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same
number of chromosomes
✔✔order of mitosis - ✔✔prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase (PMAT)
✔✔translation - ✔✔process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
✔✔BPH - ✔✔benign prostatic hypertrophy
✔✔transcription - ✔✔synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
✔✔progesterone and estrogen - ✔✔female sex hormones
✔✔FSH - ✔✔follicle-stimulating hormone (secreted by the pituitary gland)
✔✔pap smear - ✔✔test for early detection of cervical cancer; scraping of cells removed
from cervix for examination under microscope.
✔✔LH - ✔✔luteinizing hormone, ovulation and egg release, maturation of egg, release
of testosterone in males.
✔✔meiosis - ✔✔cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing
organisms
✔✔episiotomy - ✔✔surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vagina and so
facilitate delivery during childbirth
