NR 547 FINAL STUDY GUIDE – PMHNP
EXAM QUESTIONS & DETAILED
CORRECT ANSWERS
When do you consider Unipolar versus Bipolar depression - CORRECT ANSWER
Unipolar major depression (major depressive disorder) is characterized by a history of
one or more major depressive episodes (table 3) and no history of mania (table 1) or
hypomania
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) - CORRECT ANSWER Scoring Instructions. Score 1
point for each bolded answer. A score of 5 or more suggests depression.
Self-reporting tool that may be used to diagnose and treat depression
Geriatric Depression Scale - CORRECT ANSWER The Geriatric Depression Scale
(GDS) is a self-report measure of depression in older adults. Users respond in a
"Yes/No" format. The GDS was originally developed as a 30-item instrument. Since this
version proved both time-consuming and difficult for some patients to complete, a 15-
item version was developed. The shortened form (GDS-S) is comprised of 15 items
chosen from the Geriatric Depression Scale-Long Form (GDS-L). These 15 items were
chosen because of their high correlation with depressive symptoms in previous
validation studies
Geriatric Depression Scale: Targeted Population - CORRECT ANSWER he GDS may
be used with healthy, medically ill and mild to moderately cognitively impaired older
adults. It has been extensively used in community, acute care, and long-term care
settings.
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Score - CORRECT ANSWER Pharmacologic,
psychotherapeutic, or combination treatment indicated of the 15 items, 10 indicated the
presence of depression when answered positively, while the rest (question numbers 1,
5, 7, 11, 13) indicated depression when answered negatively.
Scores of 0-4 are considered normal, depending on age, education, and complaints;
(No Treatment)
5-8 indicate mild depression; (Pharmacologic or psychotherapeutic treatment may be
indicated
Base treatment on duration of symptoms and functional impairment
, 9-11 indicate moderate depression; (Pharmacologic, psychotherapeutic, or combination
treatment indicated)
12-15 indicate severe depression.(Pharmacologic, psychotherapeutic, or combination
treatment indicated
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Indication for Intervention - CORRECT ANSWER
The presence of depression warrants prompt intervention and treatment. The GDS may
be used to monitor depression over time in all clinical settings.
Any positive score above 5 on the GDS Short Form should prompt an in-depth
psychological assessment and evaluation for suicidality.
Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] - CORRECT ANSWER A brief 9-item self-report
questionnaire used as a screening tool to assess severity of depression; widely used by
health care providers, in validity is well established, particularly for identifying severe
depression.
The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) - CORRECT ANSWER Widely used to screen for
depression and to measure behavioral manifestations and severity of depression.
The BDI can be used for ages 13 to 80. The inventory contains 21 self-report items
which individuals complete using multiple choice response formats.
The BDI takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. Validity and reliability of the BDI
has been tested across populations, worldwide.
Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) - CORRECT ANSWER
Designed for use in the general population and is now used as a screener for
depression in primary care settings.
It includes 20 self-report items, scored on a 4-point scale, which measure major
dimensions of depression experienced in the past week.
The CES-D can be used for children as young as 6 and through older adulthood. It has
been tested across gender and cultural populations and maintains consistent validity
and reliability. The scale takes about 20 minutes to administer, including scoring.
EQ-5D - CORRECT ANSWER The EQ-5D is a standardized, non-disease specific
instrument for describing and evaluating health-related quality of life. The instrument
measures quality of life in five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities,
pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression.
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) - CORRECT ANSWER
EXAM QUESTIONS & DETAILED
CORRECT ANSWERS
When do you consider Unipolar versus Bipolar depression - CORRECT ANSWER
Unipolar major depression (major depressive disorder) is characterized by a history of
one or more major depressive episodes (table 3) and no history of mania (table 1) or
hypomania
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) - CORRECT ANSWER Scoring Instructions. Score 1
point for each bolded answer. A score of 5 or more suggests depression.
Self-reporting tool that may be used to diagnose and treat depression
Geriatric Depression Scale - CORRECT ANSWER The Geriatric Depression Scale
(GDS) is a self-report measure of depression in older adults. Users respond in a
"Yes/No" format. The GDS was originally developed as a 30-item instrument. Since this
version proved both time-consuming and difficult for some patients to complete, a 15-
item version was developed. The shortened form (GDS-S) is comprised of 15 items
chosen from the Geriatric Depression Scale-Long Form (GDS-L). These 15 items were
chosen because of their high correlation with depressive symptoms in previous
validation studies
Geriatric Depression Scale: Targeted Population - CORRECT ANSWER he GDS may
be used with healthy, medically ill and mild to moderately cognitively impaired older
adults. It has been extensively used in community, acute care, and long-term care
settings.
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Score - CORRECT ANSWER Pharmacologic,
psychotherapeutic, or combination treatment indicated of the 15 items, 10 indicated the
presence of depression when answered positively, while the rest (question numbers 1,
5, 7, 11, 13) indicated depression when answered negatively.
Scores of 0-4 are considered normal, depending on age, education, and complaints;
(No Treatment)
5-8 indicate mild depression; (Pharmacologic or psychotherapeutic treatment may be
indicated
Base treatment on duration of symptoms and functional impairment
, 9-11 indicate moderate depression; (Pharmacologic, psychotherapeutic, or combination
treatment indicated)
12-15 indicate severe depression.(Pharmacologic, psychotherapeutic, or combination
treatment indicated
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Indication for Intervention - CORRECT ANSWER
The presence of depression warrants prompt intervention and treatment. The GDS may
be used to monitor depression over time in all clinical settings.
Any positive score above 5 on the GDS Short Form should prompt an in-depth
psychological assessment and evaluation for suicidality.
Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] - CORRECT ANSWER A brief 9-item self-report
questionnaire used as a screening tool to assess severity of depression; widely used by
health care providers, in validity is well established, particularly for identifying severe
depression.
The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) - CORRECT ANSWER Widely used to screen for
depression and to measure behavioral manifestations and severity of depression.
The BDI can be used for ages 13 to 80. The inventory contains 21 self-report items
which individuals complete using multiple choice response formats.
The BDI takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. Validity and reliability of the BDI
has been tested across populations, worldwide.
Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) - CORRECT ANSWER
Designed for use in the general population and is now used as a screener for
depression in primary care settings.
It includes 20 self-report items, scored on a 4-point scale, which measure major
dimensions of depression experienced in the past week.
The CES-D can be used for children as young as 6 and through older adulthood. It has
been tested across gender and cultural populations and maintains consistent validity
and reliability. The scale takes about 20 minutes to administer, including scoring.
EQ-5D - CORRECT ANSWER The EQ-5D is a standardized, non-disease specific
instrument for describing and evaluating health-related quality of life. The instrument
measures quality of life in five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities,
pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression.
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) - CORRECT ANSWER
