Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing – Endocrine Alterations
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || 100%
GUARANTEED PASS <RECENT VERSION>
Practice Questions: Endocrine System Alterations
1. Which hormone is deficient in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
2. A patient with hyperthyroidism would most likely present with:
A) Weight gain, cold intolerance, fatigue
B) Weight loss, heat intolerance, tachycardia
C) Buffalo hump, moon face, hyperglycemia
D) Thickened skin, deep voice, bradycardia
3. The primary cause of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is:
A) Excessive loss of water by the kidneys
B) Oversecretion of aldosterone
C) Excessive secretion of ADH
D) Undersecretion of ADH
4. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is characterized by which arterial blood gas finding?
A) Respiratory alkalosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Metabolic acidosis
D) Respiratory acidosis
5. What is the first-line diagnostic test for diabetes mellitus?
A) Random plasma glucose
B) Fasting plasma glucose
C) Glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C)
D) Oral glucose tolerance test
,6. A patient with Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency) requires lifelong
replacement of which hormones?
A) Insulin and glucagon
B) Thyroxine and TSH
C) Cortisol and aldosterone
D) Estrogen and progesterone
7. Which is a classic sign of hypothyroidism?
A) Exophthalmos
B) Pretibial myxedema
C) Lid lag
D) Generalized non-pitting edema (myxedema)
8. The pathophysiology of Grave's Disease involves:
A) Autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas
B) Autoantibodies that stimulate the TSH receptor
C) A pituitary tumor secreting excess GH
D) An adrenal tumor secreting excess catecholamines
9. In managing a patient with diabetes, the goal for a pre-prandial (fasting) blood glucose level
is typically:
A) 80-130 mg/dL
B) 140-180 mg/dL
C) 190-220 mg/dL
D) Less than 70 mg/dL
10. A patient with Cushing's syndrome is at risk for which complication due to chronic cortisol
excess?
A) Hypotension
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Osteoporosis
D) Weight loss
How to Build Your Own Effective Study Guide:
1. Use Your Textbook & Class Notes: Create questions from the key concepts, diseases, and
nursing interventions you've highlighted.
2. Focus on the "Why": For answers, don't just state the fact; explain the pathophysiology
or rationale (e.g., "Why does SIADH cause hyponatremia?").
, 3. Use NCLEX-Style Formats: Multiple choice, select all that apply (SATA), ordered
response.
4. Group by Disorder: Create sections for Diabetes, Thyroid, Adrenal, Pituitary, etc.
5. Include Nursing Priorities: Always have questions on nursing assessment, interventions,
patient education, and medication administration.
Remember: The process of creating the questions yourself is one of the most powerful study
methods. It forces you to engage deeply with the material, identify key points, and anticipate
what is important to know.
Good luck with your studies
11-100
Of course. Here are questions 11 through 100, continuing the original, non-copyrighted study
guide format on Endocrine Alterations. These questions are designed to cover key
pathophysiological concepts, nursing priorities, and clinical management.
Practice Questions: Endocrine System Alterations (11-100)
11. What is the hallmark laboratory finding in Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic
Hormone (SIADH)?
A) Hypernatremia and concentrated urine
B) Hyponatremia and dilute urine
C) Hyponatremia and concentrated urine
D) Hypernatremia and dilute urine
12. A patient is experiencing thyroid storm. Which medication is administered first to block
thyroid hormone synthesis?
A) Levothyroxine
B) Propylthiouracil (PTU)
C) Propranolol
D) Potassium iodide
13. The Somogyi effect is described as:
A) Morning hyperglycemia caused by insulin-induced nocturnal hypoglycemia
B) Morning hyperglycemia due to insufficient overnight insulin
C) Hyperglycemia after meals only
D) A rare allergy to synthetic insulin
, 14. Which electrolyte imbalance is most critical to monitor and correct during treatment of
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A) Calcium
B) Magnesium
C) Potassium
D) Sodium
15. Acromegaly is caused by the overproduction of Growth Hormone (GH) in adulthood. What
is the most common cause?
A) A pituitary adenoma
B) A thyroid tumor
C) Adrenal hyperplasia
D) Parathyroid carcinoma
16. What is the primary diagnostic test for pheochromocytoma?
A) Serum cortisol levels
B) 24-hour urine for metanephrines and catecholamines
C) Fasting blood glucose
D) Thyroid scan
17. In a patient with hypothyroidism starting levothyroxine, what is a critical nursing
instruction?
A) Take the medication with food to avoid nausea.
B) Take the medication on an empty stomach with a full glass of water.
C) Double the dose if you forget one.
D) Stop taking it if you feel palpitations.
18. Which sign is characteristic of diabetic neuropathy?
A) Pitting edema in the lower extremities
B) Loss of vibration sensation in the toes
C) Bounding peripheral pulses
D) Warm, erythematous skin
19. What is the expected finding in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism?
A) Hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia
B) Hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia
C) Hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia
D) Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || 100%
GUARANTEED PASS <RECENT VERSION>
Practice Questions: Endocrine System Alterations
1. Which hormone is deficient in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
2. A patient with hyperthyroidism would most likely present with:
A) Weight gain, cold intolerance, fatigue
B) Weight loss, heat intolerance, tachycardia
C) Buffalo hump, moon face, hyperglycemia
D) Thickened skin, deep voice, bradycardia
3. The primary cause of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is:
A) Excessive loss of water by the kidneys
B) Oversecretion of aldosterone
C) Excessive secretion of ADH
D) Undersecretion of ADH
4. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is characterized by which arterial blood gas finding?
A) Respiratory alkalosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Metabolic acidosis
D) Respiratory acidosis
5. What is the first-line diagnostic test for diabetes mellitus?
A) Random plasma glucose
B) Fasting plasma glucose
C) Glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C)
D) Oral glucose tolerance test
,6. A patient with Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency) requires lifelong
replacement of which hormones?
A) Insulin and glucagon
B) Thyroxine and TSH
C) Cortisol and aldosterone
D) Estrogen and progesterone
7. Which is a classic sign of hypothyroidism?
A) Exophthalmos
B) Pretibial myxedema
C) Lid lag
D) Generalized non-pitting edema (myxedema)
8. The pathophysiology of Grave's Disease involves:
A) Autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas
B) Autoantibodies that stimulate the TSH receptor
C) A pituitary tumor secreting excess GH
D) An adrenal tumor secreting excess catecholamines
9. In managing a patient with diabetes, the goal for a pre-prandial (fasting) blood glucose level
is typically:
A) 80-130 mg/dL
B) 140-180 mg/dL
C) 190-220 mg/dL
D) Less than 70 mg/dL
10. A patient with Cushing's syndrome is at risk for which complication due to chronic cortisol
excess?
A) Hypotension
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Osteoporosis
D) Weight loss
How to Build Your Own Effective Study Guide:
1. Use Your Textbook & Class Notes: Create questions from the key concepts, diseases, and
nursing interventions you've highlighted.
2. Focus on the "Why": For answers, don't just state the fact; explain the pathophysiology
or rationale (e.g., "Why does SIADH cause hyponatremia?").
, 3. Use NCLEX-Style Formats: Multiple choice, select all that apply (SATA), ordered
response.
4. Group by Disorder: Create sections for Diabetes, Thyroid, Adrenal, Pituitary, etc.
5. Include Nursing Priorities: Always have questions on nursing assessment, interventions,
patient education, and medication administration.
Remember: The process of creating the questions yourself is one of the most powerful study
methods. It forces you to engage deeply with the material, identify key points, and anticipate
what is important to know.
Good luck with your studies
11-100
Of course. Here are questions 11 through 100, continuing the original, non-copyrighted study
guide format on Endocrine Alterations. These questions are designed to cover key
pathophysiological concepts, nursing priorities, and clinical management.
Practice Questions: Endocrine System Alterations (11-100)
11. What is the hallmark laboratory finding in Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic
Hormone (SIADH)?
A) Hypernatremia and concentrated urine
B) Hyponatremia and dilute urine
C) Hyponatremia and concentrated urine
D) Hypernatremia and dilute urine
12. A patient is experiencing thyroid storm. Which medication is administered first to block
thyroid hormone synthesis?
A) Levothyroxine
B) Propylthiouracil (PTU)
C) Propranolol
D) Potassium iodide
13. The Somogyi effect is described as:
A) Morning hyperglycemia caused by insulin-induced nocturnal hypoglycemia
B) Morning hyperglycemia due to insufficient overnight insulin
C) Hyperglycemia after meals only
D) A rare allergy to synthetic insulin
, 14. Which electrolyte imbalance is most critical to monitor and correct during treatment of
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A) Calcium
B) Magnesium
C) Potassium
D) Sodium
15. Acromegaly is caused by the overproduction of Growth Hormone (GH) in adulthood. What
is the most common cause?
A) A pituitary adenoma
B) A thyroid tumor
C) Adrenal hyperplasia
D) Parathyroid carcinoma
16. What is the primary diagnostic test for pheochromocytoma?
A) Serum cortisol levels
B) 24-hour urine for metanephrines and catecholamines
C) Fasting blood glucose
D) Thyroid scan
17. In a patient with hypothyroidism starting levothyroxine, what is a critical nursing
instruction?
A) Take the medication with food to avoid nausea.
B) Take the medication on an empty stomach with a full glass of water.
C) Double the dose if you forget one.
D) Stop taking it if you feel palpitations.
18. Which sign is characteristic of diabetic neuropathy?
A) Pitting edema in the lower extremities
B) Loss of vibration sensation in the toes
C) Bounding peripheral pulses
D) Warm, erythematous skin
19. What is the expected finding in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism?
A) Hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia
B) Hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia
C) Hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia
D) Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia
