med-surg I exam 4 study guide

Type I & II – similarities, differences, epidemiology Initial s/s of DM Type I & II Ketones, fats, CHO metabolism Diabetic Sick day rules HbgA1C, prediabetes, diabetes - which numbers indicate each DM Dx tests (labs) normal vs abnormal glucose levels (fasting, postprandial, HbA1c) Insulin types, steps to mixing insulin, insulin peak (insulins requiring the nurse to monitor for hypoglycemia), administration (selecting site, syringe) storage/handling, patient teaching DKA “Safety Alert” & HHS- s/s, causes, treatment *priority interventions Hypoglycemia s/s, treatment, patient teaching Prolonged hyperglycemia - long term complications Diet/nutrition Box 44. 3 (carb counting), Table 44.6 Physical Activity/exercise and glucose control ADA recommendations , focus of effective DM management Diabetic foot care Box 44.4 Peripheral neuropathy- interventions, patient teaching Lipo-hypertrophy / atrophy s/s, patient teaching Insulin sliding scale *determine treatment based on BS given and MAR sliding scale