ALU 301 Exam Bundle Questions and Answers (SCORED A+)

1. complements 2. receptors 3. natural killers 4. mediators - ANSWER-natural killers All of the following are common examples of autoimmune disease EXCEPT: 1. Hashimoto's thyroiditis 2. systemic lupus erythema toss 3. Grave's thyroid disease 4. poliomyelitis - ANSWER-poliomyelitus ...

Population heterogeneity - ANSWER-Diversity in health status among individuals of similar age. Heterogeneity - ANSWER-Is expressed on an individual basis in that the signs and symptoms of disease can be unusual and the impact of the disease on function is variable from one person to the next. ...

Factors in the prevalence and incidence of IBD - ANSWER-Age, ethnic background (primarily Caucasian), geographic location and possibly the Western lifestyle. Western lifestyle - ANSWER-Includes a sedentary habit and a diet high in fat and simple carbohydrates. Ulcerative colitis (UC) - ANSWER-...

With diagnostic and surgical advances - ANSWER-at least 90% of infants with serious congenital heart problems are expected to reach adult years, and this growing adult population can actively seek insurance coverage at least 90% of infants with serious congenital heart problems are expected to re...

HLA-DR4 (a human leukocyte antigen) - ANSWER-A type of histocompatibility Class II antigen believed to be associated with an increased suspectibility to RA and is is found in the majority of people with RA. Also an indicator of a more severe form of the disease. Synovial joint - ANSWER-Also calle...

Demyelination - ANSWER-MS attacks the myelin sheath in multiple areas of the CNS resulting in formation of scar tissue or plaques; interferes w/ normal nerve conduction & impulse transmission Causes of MS? - ANSWER-No known cause for MS, however, factors associated with development of the disease...

Tumor staging - ANSWER-The most valuable prognostic indicator both short and long term. Tumor size - ANSWER-Correlates with the number of histologically involved nodes but also has independent prognostic significance. The time to development of metastases becomes shorter as tumor size increases. ...

Sensitivity - ANSWER-A test's ability to perceive and measure amounts or differences, whether small or large. A sensitive medical test is one that will be able to give a positive result when a particular condition is present, even during early stages. Ex - EKG test. Specificity - ANSWER-A test'...

Treatment for all types of leukemia? - ANSWER-Chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant after chemotherapy. Allogenic stem cell transplant - ANSWER-Transplanted stem cells come from a carefully selected and matched donor, often a sibling. Autologous stem cell transplant - ANSWER-Stem cells are take...

Amnion - ANSWER-an embryonic membrane that holds the fetus suspended in amniotic fluid; fuses with the chorion by the end of the third month of gestation Amniotic fluid - ANSWER-the fluid contained within the amnion; cushions the fetus and absorbs shock Autosomes - ANSWER-chromosomes other tha...

Paresis - ANSWER-Incomplete or partial paralysis. Monoplegia/monoparesis - ANSWER-Paralysis or paresis of a single limb. Diplegia - ANSWER-Paralysis that is bilateral, usually affecting lower limbs greater than upper limbs. Often used when describing effects of cerebral palsy. Hemiplegia/he...

Sensitivity - ANSWER-A test's ability to perceive and measure amounts or differences, whether small or large. A sensitive medical test is one that will be able to give a positive result when a particular condition is present, even during early stages. Ex - EKG test. Specificity - ANSWER-A test'...

Risk factor of RA (most likely) - ANSWER-Genetics: studies of identical twins, presence of HLA-DR4, other genes including the gene for metalloproteinase. Also, the production of the rheumatoid factor HLA-DR4 ((a human leukocyte antigen) - ANSWER-A type of histocompatibility Class II antigen belie...

Juvenile cancer - ANSWER-2nd leading cause of death among children age 1-14 Acute Leukemia most common Brain Tumors - ANSWER-The 2nd most frequent malignancy in children and adolescents (45% mortality). highest morbidity of any childhood cancer. Typically a solid tumor. Symptoms include headache...