Lancaster University (LU) • BSc Biomedical Sciences

At the end of this lecture and after performing the recommended reading (below) you should be able to: Write and interpret the structures of organic molecules Recognise and explain main simple features of: hydroxyl, amino, sulphhydryl, carbonyl, carboxyl and phosphate functional groups. Recognise isomers, and what sort of isomers are shown. Describe optical activity

At the end of this lecture and after performing the reading (below) you should be able to: Describe the bonding in a water molecule Describe the shape of simple molecules in terms of hybridisation and lone pairs Assess which part of a polar molecule is more negative Define electronegativity Explain the properties of water which are attributable to hydrogen bonding. Define the equilibrium constant of a given chemical reaction Explain the terms ‘moles’ and ‘molarity’ Deduce the pH of a s...

-groups of molecules. -genetic information. -polynucleotides. -components. -synthesis. -sugar backbone. -watson and crick. -key features of double helix.

-functions. -synthesis. -variations. -optical isomers. -physiological conditions. -pKa and pH. -peptide bonds. -direction. -no free rotation. -polypeptide. -protein conformation. -protein folding. -secondary structures.

-primary structure. -secondary structure. -alpha helix. -beta sheet. -loop region. -b-a-b motif. -post-translational modifications. -tertiary structure.

-function. -definition. -monosaccharides. -monosaccharide terminology. -simple monosaccharides. -optical isomers. -the aldose series. -the ketose series. -cyclisation. -aldohexoses. -ketohexoses. -mutarotation. -conformation of monosaccharides.

At the end of this lecture and after performing the reading (below) you should be able to: - Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy - List the main chemical elements essential to life - Name the subatomic particles which make up the atom - Be able to define the term ‘isotope’ and give an example - Describe the orbitals of an atom - Be able to explain the following types of bonding, with examples of each: covalent; hydrogen; ionic; van der Waal’s. - Give the preferred number of...

BIOL111: MOLECULAR SHAPE, FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND ISOMERISM FIRST YEAR NOTES. Learning Objectives: - Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy. - List the main chemical elements essential to life. - Name the subatomic particles which make up the atom. - Be able to define the term ‘isotope’ and give an example. - Describe the orbitals of an atom. - Be able to explain the following types of bonding, with examples of each: covalent; hydrogen; ionic; van der Waal’s. - Give the pr...