1|Page
MN551 MIDTERM EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
||VERIFIED EXAM!!|ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST
EXAM!!!!
A 55-year-old man has made an appointment to see his
nurse practitioner because he has been awakening three
to four times nightly to void and often has a sudden need
to void with little warning during the day. What is the man's
most likely diagnosis and possible underlying
pathophysiologic problem? - ANSWER-Overactive bladder
that may result from both neurogenic and myogenic
sources
Which of the following patients would be considered to
have a significant risk of developing the prerenal form of
acute renal failure? - ANSWER-A 22-year-old male who
has lost a large amount of blood following a workplace
injury
A 77-year-old female with a diagnosis of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease is experiencing impaired
gas exchange and CO2 retention, despite a rapid
respiratory rate. Which of the following phenomena would
her care team most realistically anticipate? - ANSWER-
Her kidneys will adapt with an increase in plasma HCO3-
and her pH will decrease.
,2|Page
A 34-year-old male patient has diagnoses of liver failure,
ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy secondary to alcohol
abuse. The patient's family is questioning the care team
about why his abdomen is so large even though he is
undernourished and emaciated. Which of the following
statements most accurately underlies the explanation that
a member of the care team would provide to the family? -
ANSWER-The normally small transcellular fluid
compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged.
Which of the following data would a clinician consider to
be most indicative of acute renal failure? - ANSWER-
Increased nitrogenous waste levels, decreased glomerular
filtration rate (GFR)
A 51-year-old woman diagnosed with multiple sclerosis
(MS) five months prior is distressed that she has had
several recent episodes of urinary incontinence. She has
asked her nurse practitioner why this is the case. Which of
the following statements best captures the facts that would
underlie the nurse's response to the patient? - ANSWER-
She may be unable to sense her bladder filling as a result
of her MS.
,3|Page
A 77-year-old female hospital patient has contracted
Clostridium difficile during her stay and is experiencing
severe diarrhea. Which of the following statements best
conveys a risk that this woman faces? - ANSWER-She is
susceptible to isotonic fluid volume deficit and
hypernatremia as a result of water losses.
An 87-year-old male resident of an assisted living facility
has been consistently continent of urine until the last
several weeks. Which of the following actions by the care
providers at the facility is the most likely priority? -
ANSWER-Performing a physical examination and history
to determine the exact cause and character of the
incontinence
A pediatric unit will be receiving from a rural medical
outpost a patient transfer of an 8-day-old infant with a
suspected congenital renal disorder. Which of the
following possibilities is the care team most likely to be
able to rule out early? - ANSWER-Renal cell carcinoma
may be present.
May have upper and lower poles of the two kidneys may
be fused, kidneys may be misshapen and have cysts, one
of the infant's kidneys may have failed to develop to a
normal size.
, 4|Page
Which of the following substances is most likely to be
reabsorbed in the tubular segments of the nephron using
passive transport mechanisms? - ANSWER-Water
A 60-year-old man has been diagnosed with renal calculi
after repeated episodes of excruciating flank pain in recent
weeks. The man states, "I don't know how this could
happen to me, since I'm so careful about eating a healthy
diet." What is the most appropriate response to the man's
statement? - ANSWER-What you eat can influence your
risk of stone formation, but many other factors like
hormones and your metabolism are involved.
A patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus presents
to the emergency department with suspected
ketoacidosis. Which of the following diagnostic results
would be most likely to confirm this diagnosis? -
ANSWER-Increased CO2, increased anion gap, base
deficit
Which diuretic acts by inhibiting sodium chloride
reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of the loop of
Henle? - ANSWER-Bumetanide (Bumex)
An 82-year-old resident of a long-term care facility with a
recent history of repeated urinary tract infections and
MN551 MIDTERM EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
||VERIFIED EXAM!!|ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST
EXAM!!!!
A 55-year-old man has made an appointment to see his
nurse practitioner because he has been awakening three
to four times nightly to void and often has a sudden need
to void with little warning during the day. What is the man's
most likely diagnosis and possible underlying
pathophysiologic problem? - ANSWER-Overactive bladder
that may result from both neurogenic and myogenic
sources
Which of the following patients would be considered to
have a significant risk of developing the prerenal form of
acute renal failure? - ANSWER-A 22-year-old male who
has lost a large amount of blood following a workplace
injury
A 77-year-old female with a diagnosis of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease is experiencing impaired
gas exchange and CO2 retention, despite a rapid
respiratory rate. Which of the following phenomena would
her care team most realistically anticipate? - ANSWER-
Her kidneys will adapt with an increase in plasma HCO3-
and her pH will decrease.
,2|Page
A 34-year-old male patient has diagnoses of liver failure,
ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy secondary to alcohol
abuse. The patient's family is questioning the care team
about why his abdomen is so large even though he is
undernourished and emaciated. Which of the following
statements most accurately underlies the explanation that
a member of the care team would provide to the family? -
ANSWER-The normally small transcellular fluid
compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged.
Which of the following data would a clinician consider to
be most indicative of acute renal failure? - ANSWER-
Increased nitrogenous waste levels, decreased glomerular
filtration rate (GFR)
A 51-year-old woman diagnosed with multiple sclerosis
(MS) five months prior is distressed that she has had
several recent episodes of urinary incontinence. She has
asked her nurse practitioner why this is the case. Which of
the following statements best captures the facts that would
underlie the nurse's response to the patient? - ANSWER-
She may be unable to sense her bladder filling as a result
of her MS.
,3|Page
A 77-year-old female hospital patient has contracted
Clostridium difficile during her stay and is experiencing
severe diarrhea. Which of the following statements best
conveys a risk that this woman faces? - ANSWER-She is
susceptible to isotonic fluid volume deficit and
hypernatremia as a result of water losses.
An 87-year-old male resident of an assisted living facility
has been consistently continent of urine until the last
several weeks. Which of the following actions by the care
providers at the facility is the most likely priority? -
ANSWER-Performing a physical examination and history
to determine the exact cause and character of the
incontinence
A pediatric unit will be receiving from a rural medical
outpost a patient transfer of an 8-day-old infant with a
suspected congenital renal disorder. Which of the
following possibilities is the care team most likely to be
able to rule out early? - ANSWER-Renal cell carcinoma
may be present.
May have upper and lower poles of the two kidneys may
be fused, kidneys may be misshapen and have cysts, one
of the infant's kidneys may have failed to develop to a
normal size.
, 4|Page
Which of the following substances is most likely to be
reabsorbed in the tubular segments of the nephron using
passive transport mechanisms? - ANSWER-Water
A 60-year-old man has been diagnosed with renal calculi
after repeated episodes of excruciating flank pain in recent
weeks. The man states, "I don't know how this could
happen to me, since I'm so careful about eating a healthy
diet." What is the most appropriate response to the man's
statement? - ANSWER-What you eat can influence your
risk of stone formation, but many other factors like
hormones and your metabolism are involved.
A patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus presents
to the emergency department with suspected
ketoacidosis. Which of the following diagnostic results
would be most likely to confirm this diagnosis? -
ANSWER-Increased CO2, increased anion gap, base
deficit
Which diuretic acts by inhibiting sodium chloride
reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of the loop of
Henle? - ANSWER-Bumetanide (Bumex)
An 82-year-old resident of a long-term care facility with a
recent history of repeated urinary tract infections and
