Healthcare Reform History | Exam D – Chapter 9 | 45 Q&A | HLSC240 | AMA, HIPAA, Blue Cross, Medicare

This document offers a comprehensive and fully solved set of 45 exam questions and answers for Exam D, Chapter 9, under the course code HLSC240. It explores the historical development of the U.S. healthcare system from the early 20th century onward, emphasizing the transformation from home-based care and solo practices to a complex network of hospitals and public-private insurance models. Key topics include the formation and influence of the American Medical Association (AMA), advances in medical practice during the Civil War, the emergence of major pharmaceutical companies, and critical healthcare legislation such as the Hill-Burton Act, Medicare, Medicaid, HIPAA, and EMTALA. The document also covers the rise of employer-based health insurance, the development of Blue Cross, and the introduction of managed care through HMOs. Financial models like capitation and indemnity insurance are clearly explained, along with the consequences of for-profit healthcare expansion and system integration. This resource is especially useful for students enrolled in Health Sciences, Public Health, Nursing, Healthcare Administration, Medical Sociology, or U.S. History courses. It is also ideal for pre-med and allied health students seeking a clear understanding of healthcare reform, policy evolution, and structural changes in the American healthcare landscape. Perfect for exam prep, coursework support, or concept reinforcement. Keywords: healthcare reform, U.S. healthcare history, AMA, Blue Cross, Medicare, Medicaid, HIPAA, EMTALA, capitation, indemnity insurance, Hill-Burton Act, public vs private healthcare, group practice, solo practice, Civil War medicine, hospital systems, health policy, HMO, insurance models