NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
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Airport Ramp Operations: General Knowledge Study Guide (100 Q&A)
SECTION 1: SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS ( )
1. Q: What is the most important priority for all ramp personnel?
A: Safety. The safety of personnel, passengers, and aircraft is always the top priority.
2. Q: What should you do if you see an unsafe condition or action on the ramp?
A: Stop the operation immediately and report it to a supervisor. This is part of a "Stop
Work Authority" safety culture.
3. Q: What is the "Sterile Area" concept on the ramp?
A: A zone where full attention is required—no distractions (like personal phones), and
constant vigilance for moving aircraft and equipment.
4. Q: Why is situational awareness critical on the ramp?
A: The ramp is a dynamic, high-risk environment with moving aircraft, vehicles, and
equipment. Losing awareness can lead to collisions or injuries.
5. Q: What is the primary purpose of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A: To create a barrier between the worker and workplace hazards, reducing the risk of
injury.
SECTION 2: PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
6. Q: What is the minimum standard PPE for most ramp operations?
A: High-visibility safety vest, safety toe footwear, hearing protection, and safety glasses.
, 7. Q: When is hearing protection required on the ramp?
A: Any time you are in an area where aircraft are running engines, APUs are operating,
or near loud ground equipment.
8. Q: What type of glove is generally recommended for general baggage handling?
A: Puncture-resistant and/or high-visibility gloves to protect from cuts, abrasions, and
improve grip.
9. Q: True or False: Wearing a hoodie under your vest is an acceptable substitute for a high-
visibility jacket in cold weather.
A: False. Outerwear must maintain high-visibility standards. Use approved high-visibility
cold-weather gear.
10. Q: Who is responsible for ensuring you are wearing the correct PPE?
A: You are. Personal responsibility for PPE is a fundamental safety rule.
SECTION 3: AIRCRAFT MARSHALING & PARKING
11. Q: What is the role of a marshaller (signalman)?
A: To guide an aircraft safely to its parking position using standardized hand signals.
12. Q: What should a marshaller do if they lose visual contact with the pilot or the pilot
stops responding to signals?
A: Give the emergency stop signal (crossed arms violently above the head).
13. Q: What does the signal "Arms extended, moving palms in paddling motion toward
body" mean?
A: Move forward.
14. Q: What is the signal for "All Engines Stop" or "Parking Brakes Set"?
A: Arms and hands crossed above the head.
15. Q: What does a marshaller point at with both arms to direct a pilot's attention?
A: The Nose Wheel for steering guidance.
16. Q: What are chocks used for?
A: To prevent an aircraft from moving while parked at the gate or in a hangar.
17. Q: When should aircraft wheel chocks be placed?
A: Only after the pilot has set the parking brake and you have received a signal from the
flight deck or lead agent.
, 18. Q: What is a safety pin or gust lock?
A: A device inserted into the nose gear to prevent accidental steering while the aircraft is
parked and powered down.
19. Q: What does a RED streamer on a safety pin usually indicate?
A: That the pin is installed. It provides visual confirmation from a distance.
20. Q: What is a "pushback"?
A: The procedure of using a tug to push an aircraft backwards away from the gate so it
can taxi under its own power.
SECTION 4: AIRCRAFT SERVICING & GROUND HANDLING
21. Q: What does GSE stand for?
A: Ground Support Equipment.
22. Q: What is the purpose of a GPU (Ground Power Unit)?
A: To supply electrical power to the aircraft while it's at the gate, allowing the APU to be
turned off.
23. Q: What is the purpose of an air start unit (ASU)?
A: To provide high-pressure air to start the aircraft's main engines.
24. Q: What must you ensure before connecting or disconnecting a GPU or ASU?
A: That you are trained, the unit is properly positioned, and you follow the specific
aircraft and equipment procedures.
25. Q: What is potable water?
A: Water that is safe for drinking and is used to fill the aircraft's water system.
26. Q: What is lavatory service?
A: The process of draining the aircraft's waste tank and flushing the system with a
cleaning/disinfectant solution.
27. Q: True or False: It's acceptable to service an aircraft (fuel, water, etc.) while passengers
are boarding.
A: True, with strict protocols. However, coordination with the gate and cabin crew is
essential, and specific safety zones must be maintained.
28. Q: What is a "FOD Walkdown"?
A: A team inspection of a ramp or gate area to find and remove Foreign Object
Debris (FOD) before aircraft arrival or departure.
, 29. Q: Why is FOD dangerous?
A: It can be ingested into engines, damage tires, or become a projectile, causing severe
damage and safety risks.
30. Q: What are common examples of FOD?
A: Rocks, loose hardware, plastic wrappers, zip ties, pens, and tools.
SECTION 5: BAGGAGE & CARGO HANDLING
31. Q: What does the acronym BOH stand for?
A: Baggage Operations Hub or Baggage Handling.
32. Q: What is a "unit load device" (ULD)?
A: A standardized cargo container (like an LD-3) or pallet used to load baggage and cargo
into the aircraft hold.
33. Q: What is the primary goal when loading baggage into a hold?
A: To distribute weight evenly and according to the load plan, ensuring aircraft balance.
34. Q: What is a "bulk" baggage compartment?
A: An aircraft hold that is loaded bag-by-bag (not with containers), typically on smaller
aircraft.
35. Q: What should you do if you find a damaged or suspicious bag?
A: Do not move it. Isolate the area and immediately notify your supervisor and/or
security.
36. Q: What is a "transfer" bag?
A: A bag that is arriving on one flight and needs to be loaded onto another connecting
flight.
37. Q: Why are transfer bags often a high priority?
A: They have a tight connection time and must be delivered quickly to avoid
misconnecting the passenger.
38. Q: What is the maximum weight limit for a single bag that one person should lift?
A: This varies by company policy (often 70 lbs/32 kg), but the key principle is: if it's too
heavy or awkward, get help or use mechanical aid.
39. Q: What is the proper lifting technique?
A: Lift with your legs, keep your back straight, hold the load close to your body, and
avoid twisting.