HESI A2 Biology / Anatomy & Physiology Practice
Exam – Most Tested Questions with Verified Answers
& Rationales 2026–2027 Edition | Instant PDF
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1. Which of the following is the basic unit of life?
A. Organ
B. Tissue
C. Cell
D. Molecule
Rationale: The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
2. Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the
form of ATP?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Golgi apparatus
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP through cellular respiration.
3. Which type of tissue connects muscles to bones?
A. Ligament
B. Cartilage
C. Tendon
D. Epithelial
Rationale: Tendons attach muscles to bones, while ligaments connect bones to bones.
4. What is the primary function of red blood cells?
, A. Fight infection
B. Clot blood
C. Transport oxygen
D. Produce antibodies
Rationale: Red blood cells carry oxygen using hemoglobin.
5. Which part of the brain controls balance and
coordination?
A. Cerebrum
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Cerebellum
D. Hypothalamus
Rationale: The cerebellum regulates motor control, balance, and coordination.
6. What type of joint is found in the shoulder and allows for
a wide range of motion?
A. Hinge
B. Ball-and-socket
C. Pivot
D. Saddle
Rationale: Ball-and-socket joints allow rotational movement in multiple directions.
7. Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering blood
and producing urine?
A. Liver
B. Heart
C. Kidney
D. Lungs
Rationale: Kidneys filter blood, remove waste, and regulate fluid balance.
8. Which blood type is considered the universal donor?
Exam – Most Tested Questions with Verified Answers
& Rationales 2026–2027 Edition | Instant PDF
Download
1. Which of the following is the basic unit of life?
A. Organ
B. Tissue
C. Cell
D. Molecule
Rationale: The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
2. Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the
form of ATP?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Golgi apparatus
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP through cellular respiration.
3. Which type of tissue connects muscles to bones?
A. Ligament
B. Cartilage
C. Tendon
D. Epithelial
Rationale: Tendons attach muscles to bones, while ligaments connect bones to bones.
4. What is the primary function of red blood cells?
, A. Fight infection
B. Clot blood
C. Transport oxygen
D. Produce antibodies
Rationale: Red blood cells carry oxygen using hemoglobin.
5. Which part of the brain controls balance and
coordination?
A. Cerebrum
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Cerebellum
D. Hypothalamus
Rationale: The cerebellum regulates motor control, balance, and coordination.
6. What type of joint is found in the shoulder and allows for
a wide range of motion?
A. Hinge
B. Ball-and-socket
C. Pivot
D. Saddle
Rationale: Ball-and-socket joints allow rotational movement in multiple directions.
7. Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering blood
and producing urine?
A. Liver
B. Heart
C. Kidney
D. Lungs
Rationale: Kidneys filter blood, remove waste, and regulate fluid balance.
8. Which blood type is considered the universal donor?
