TEST BANK FOR : Understanding Pathophysiology Verified Questions and Answers with Rationales Graded A+ Guaranteed Pass

,Chapter01: Cellular Biology g g
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Huether andMcCance: Understanding
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Pathophysiology,5thEdition
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Chapter 01: Cellular gg gg



BiologyTest Bank
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MULTIPLECHOICE
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1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have
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supercoiled DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed
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bythe student?
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a. A single circular chromosome gg gg gg




b. A nucleus gg




c. Free-floating nuclear material gg gg




d. No organelles g




ANS: B
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The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled
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DNAwithin its nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed.
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A single circular chromosome is characteristic of prokaryotic cells, which do not
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havehistones.
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Free-floating nuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have
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adistinct nucleus.
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Eukaryotic cells have membrane bounded cellular components called organelles.
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Noorganelles describes aprokaryotic cell.
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REF: p. 2 gg g



2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular
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function is the nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it
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to transform nutrients to energy?
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a. Metabolicabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D
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The ability of the cell to absorb oxygen refers to the cell’s function of respiration.
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,The ability of the cell to function within a society of cells refers to its function
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ofcommunication.
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The ability of the cell to take in nutrients refers to the cell’s function of
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metabolicabsorption.
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The ability of the cell to synthesize new substances and secrete these elsewhere refersto
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the cell’s function of secretion.
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REF: p. 3 gg g



3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell
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wouldmost of the genetic information be contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus
ANS: C
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The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount
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of ribonucleic acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding
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g proteins, is the nucleolus.The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration.
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Theribosomes are involved in manufacturing ofproteinswithin thecell.
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The nucleus contains the nucleolus, and it is the nucleolus
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g gthat contains geneticmaterial.
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REF: p. 5 gg g



4. The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior.
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According to this model, which of the following float singly or as aggregates
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in thefluid lipid bilayer?
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a. Peripheral membraneproteins gg




b. Integralmembraneproteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Celladhesion molecules gg




ANS: B
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Integralmembraneproteins float freely in the fluid lipid bilayer. gg g gg gg gg gg gg



Peripheral membrane proteins are not embedded in the layer, but reside at the
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surface.Glycoproteins act as cell surface markers.
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, Cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane and allow cells to
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hooktogether.
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REF: p. 6 gg g



5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids gg




d. Ligands
ANS: D
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Ligands are specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell
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membrane.Oxygen moves by diffusion; it does notbind to receptors. gg gg gg gg gg g gg gg



Ribosomes make proteins and are not involved in
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binding.Amphipathic lipids are a portion of the cell
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membrane.
REF: p. 11gg gg



6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What finding
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would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? Alterations in extracellular
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matrix that include:
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a. Decreased fibronectin gg




b. Increased collagen gg




c. Decreased elastin gg




d. Increasedglycoproteins
ANS: A
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Reduced amounts of fibronectin are found in some types of cancerous cells,
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allowingcancer cells to travel, or metastasize.
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Collagen provides strength, and its breakdown is associated with osteoarthritis,
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notcancer.
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Elastin is found in the lungs and allows tissues to stretch; it is not associated
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withcancerous cells.
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Decreased, not increased, glycoproteins are associated with cancerous
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cells.REF: p. 8
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7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct
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physicalcontact?
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